2020-2029 / Années 2020-2029
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/10625/58399
Publications from the 2020s.
Publications des années 2020s.
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Item Metadata only Item Open Access Item Metadata only Strengthening health systems through responsible AI : an emergent research landscape(2025) Sinha, ChaitaliItem Open Access Narrowing the gap between intention and practice : effective integration of gender equality and inclusion throughout the project cycle - guidance on IDRC gender equality and inclusion markers(2023-02-10) Pyburn, Rhiannon; Manders, Joke; KIT Royal Tropical InstituteAchieving gender equity is a long-standing core focus of Canada’s International Development Research Centre (IDRC). Through its new Strategy 2030, IDRC recommits to gender equality and inclusion (GEI) in a more systematic and deliberate way. However, IDRC is conscious that the diverse actors engaged in research for development, including IDRC staff, may have different understandings of words, terms, and approaches relating to GEI. Different interpretations can lead to confusion and a continuous struggle as to how to best integrate gender equality and inclusion into IDRC programs and projects. On the recommendation of the GEI Task Force of Climate-Resilient Food Systems Program, IDRC contracted KIT Royal Tropical Institute to undertake the assignment “Narrowing the Gap between Intention and Practice: Effective Integration of Gender Equality and Inclusion throughout the Project Cycle” (Research Support Project 109877) with the purpose of enhancing the effective operationalization of GEI integration in IDRC’s programming and in project execution to achieve meaningful and impactful GEI outcomes.Item Open Access Analyse de l’adoption de l’agroforesterie au Bénin : connaissances locales, dynamiques du genre et impacts sur la fertilité des sols(2024) Houndjo Kpoviwanou, Marie Reine JesugnonItem Open Access Item Open Access Item Open Access Item Open Access Rôles, connaissances de la biodiversité et autonomisation de la femme en apiculture au Nord-Bénin(2024) Babatounde, A. Adjikê GhislaineItem Open Access Item Open Access Item Open Access AI4D gender and inclusion support : final technical report(2024-12-01) Kelleher, DavidThe primary objective of this project was to ensure that gender equity and inclusion considerations were well integrated into AI4D Africa programming and outcomes. To this end Gender at Work (G@W) assembled a team from G@W, the Ladysmith Collective and Women at the Table to support AI4D grantees. Over three years, the Gender Support Team worked, first, with 5 hubs and labs: AI4AFS, HASH, Edu-AI, RAIL and Dodoma. The GEI Innovation Challenge allowed us to work with three more: ACTS, Villgro Africa and CITADEL The bulk of our work was to support “learn by doing”; in other words, finding ways to support partners to actually do research with a strong gender perspective. We were not prescriptive as to what this would look like; we endeavored to help partners find solutions that made sense to them within their contexts.Item Open Access Challenges in adoption and wide use of agroforestry technologies in Africa and pathways for improvement : a systematic review(Elsevier B. V., 2024-08-03) Ouinsavi, Christine ; Sourou, Bienvenue; Kpoviwanou, Marie Reine Jesugnon HoundjoIn recent years, agroforestry technologies have emerged as promising alternative measures for addressing major environmental crises. However, their use in Africa remains below anticipated levels. Therefore, this systematic review aims to investigate the underlying reasons for the low adoption and limited use of such technologies in Africa. Employing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analyses protocol (PRISMA), we conducted a comprehensive search for relevant scientific papers in databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus and Web of Science. A total of 351 articles were initially identified. Following the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 36 articles were selected from which data were manually extracted for inclusion in this review. Descriptive statistics were employed to assess the farmers’ perceptions of agroforestry technologies and the constraints they face when adopting them. Several constraints were identified, and the top five constraints were pests, problems of land access, lack of knowledge and skills, lack of capital and lack of seeds. To maximise the adoption of agroforestry technologies in Africa, it is imperative to introduce the technologies by considering the local context, the specific needs of farmers and the existing socio-economic dynamics. Such initiatives must include robust training and education programmes, accessible financing solutions, appropriate land tenure reforms and effective support mechanisms for access to seed and pest management. These factors could considerably improve the adoption and effectiveness of agroforestry technologies in Africa, thereby contributing to more sustainable and resilient agricultural practices.Item Open Access Gender and endogenous knowledge inclusion for agroforestry systems improvement in Benin, West Africa(Springer, 2024-05-24) Kpoviwanou, Marie Reine Jésugnon Houndjo ; Wédjangnon, Adigla Appolinaire ; Houètchégnon, Towanou ; Ouinsavi, Christine A. I. Nougbodé ; Sourou, Bienvenue Nawan KuigaIn West Africa, and Benin particularly, local forest resources can potentially contribute to both increasing and stabilizing soil productivity. However, these resources continue to be neglected with efforts instead concentrated on promoting exotic species. This study aimed to prioritize local agroforestry species on agricultural landscape by investigating the gendered, socio-demographic and agro-pedological factors of local knowledge and use of agroforestry species amongst small-holder farmers in Benin. An agroforestry inventory combined with an ethno-agroforestry survey was conducted on 364 farms with 364 farmers. A cluster analysis based on farmers’ socio-demographic and agroecological factors was used to cluster farmers into two homogeneous agroforestry systems. Median score, species diversity and ecological networks were established for these two systems. Results illustrate that gendered difference exist between the priority that farmers give to multipurpose species and this prioritization depends on priority ecosystem services for farmers and gender. Therefore, it would be useful first to consider gender and specific needs of each category of farmer to optimize the choice of agroforestry species to be promoted in such systems. The successful introduction of identified species through extension programs requires more advanced research related to the real contribution of these species to farmland fertilization, as well as the nutrient transmission pathways to associated crops in an agroforestry system to address simultaneously specific ecological, economic and socio-cultural sustainability criteria, as well as improved crop production.Item Open Access Socio-spatial dynamics of land in Southwest Niger : the case of the commune of Gothèye(Scientific Research Publishing, 2024-09-11) Ali, Maimouna ; Abdourahamane, Salamatou; Issoufou, Abdourhimou Amadou; Soumana, Idrissa; Ali, MahamaneIn south-west Niger, ecosystems are losing several hectares of their surface area every year due to internally displaced persons and refugees. The commune of Gothèye is not immune to this situation. The aim of this research is to assess the impact of displaced persons and refugees on socio-spatio-temporal dynamics of ecosystems using Landsat images. To achieve this, Landsat TM, Landsat ETM+ and OLI 8 satellite images from September and March were used (2010 to 2024). Operations on Envi 5.3, field validation output and finally mapping on ArcGIS were the steps involved. Discrimination is significant, with kappa coefficients of 0.97, 0.96, 0.86 and 0.85. The results obtained indicate a degradation of natural ecosystems, reflected in a change in land scape structure, with a marked reduction in the quantity and quality of eco system goods. Analysis of the evolution of land use showed that 31% of the land remained in its initial state (unchanged), 69% underwent modifications, and 11% was converted to cropland. Over these fourteen years, the study area has undergone changes in land use patterns, which have resulted in a modification of landscape structure, with a marked decline in the quantity and quality of ecosystem services.Item Open Access Variabilité climatique et devenir de la cacaoculture en Côte d’Ivoire d’ici 2050 : note de synthèse à l’attention des décideurs et décideuses(2023-05-19) M’bo, Antoine Alban Kacou; Adolphe, Mahyao Germain; Kouadio, Kouakou; Okou, Alla Kouadio; Brunelle, Renée; Cherif, MamadouItem Open Access Renforcement de la résilience des coopératives cacaoyères face aux changements climatiques en Côte d’Ivoire(2023-02-27) Brunelle, Renée; Okou, Alla Kouadio; Chérif, Mamadou; Koné, Daouda; Larrivée, CarolineItem Open Access The best healthcare (commodity) available (for purchase) - provider-induced demand for obstetric ultrasonography among ethnic minority women in rural northern Vietnam(2024-07) Bronwyn McBride , Sumit Kane , John O'Neil , Liem T. NguyenDespite Vietnam’s overall progress on maternal health indicators, marginalized ethnic minorities in remote areas face lower access to antenatal care and higher maternal mortality rates relative to the Kinh (majority ethnic group). Last year, we conducted fieldwork for 2 qualitative research projects that aimed to address maternal health inequities among pregnant ethnic minority women in rural Northern Vietnam. Although not the focus of our research, the use of ultrasonography services at for-profit private clinics was ubiquitous in participants’ healthcare-seeking accounts. Ultrasound scans from for-profit clinics were a major component of ethnic minority women’s antenatal care: many purchased 8 to 10 scans during pregnancy at $6.15 US dollars per scan, despite their limited agricultural income of $120 to $205 per month. Women were unaware of how many scans were recommended and their medically indicated scheduling but purchased frequent scans to assuage pregnancy anxieties and access what they experienced as the highest-quality antenatal service. Previous literature documented the concerning overuse of ultrasonography among Kinh women in urban Vietnam: What are the implications of this trend extending to affect rural-dwelling ethnic minority women who face lower education, economic marginalization, and a 4-fold higher maternal mortality rate? Our findings raise concerns related to safety, financial vulnerability and provider-induced demand, and broader health policy questions regarding healthcare commodities in low-resource settings.Item Open Access AI-based epidemic and pandemic early warning systems : a systematic scoping review(Sage, 2024) El Morr, El Christo ; Ozdemir, Deniz; Asdaah, Yasmeen; Saab, Antoine; El-Lahib, Yahya; Sokhn, Elie SalemTimely detection of disease outbreaks is critical in public health. Artificial Intelligence (AI) can identify patterns in data that signal the onset of epidemics and pandemics. This scoping review examines the effectiveness of AI in epidemic and pandemic early warning systems (EWS). A systematic scoping review was conducted. The review found that AI-based EWS have been effectively implemented in various contexts, using a range of algorithms. Key challenges identified include data quality, model explainability, bias, data volume, velocity, variety, availability, and granularity. Strategies for mitigating AI bias and improving system adaptability were also discussed.