2020-2029 / Années 2020-2029

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Publications from the 2020s.

Publications des années 2020s.

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2018 INGSA research associate grant summary : full report
(2019-02-16) International Network for Government Science Advice (INGSA); Mills, Grant; Cowen, Lara
The International Network for Government Science Advice (INGSA) provides a forum for policy makers, practitioners, national academies, and academics to share experience, build capacity and develop theoretical and practical approaches to the use of scientific evidence in informing policy at all levels of government. The report provides a summary of awards and activities related to the inaugural round of INGSA research grants in 2018. Grants were provided to scientists and researchers for supporting projects in their region on the thematic priority of: The role of Science Advice in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
2019 Kirindon literacy study : using ABRACADABRA and READS
(2021) Lysenko, Larysa; Abrami, Phil; Wade, Anne; Del Col, Nancy; Waichinga, Anne; Kedoki, Julius; WaGioko, Maina; Kiforo, Enos; Iminza, Rose
Two grade-one English teachers and their students from two World Vision schools in Kirindon (a remote region of Narok County, Kenya) participated in this study; one teacher used ABRA-READS as part of her English Language instruction (40 students) and one control teacher (40 students) did not use the tools. Analysis of findings show that after exposure to the ABRA and READS instruction, the students improved their scores at a higher rate than their peers from the control class. ABRA/READS students showed significantly larger improvements in Vocabulary, Reading Comprehension, and Total Grade. The software helped learners become active learners and to reason faster.
2021-2022 calendar - Kenya
(2021) Tufts University
This calendar is made for those raising poultry in Kenya. It contains colour coded stickers for participants to track all dates of vaccination, mortality, and illness in their livestock, as well as trainings they have received.
2021-2022 calendar - Rwanda
(2021) Tufts University
This calendar is made for those raising poultry in Rwanda. It contains colour coded stickers for participants to track all dates of vaccination, mortality, and illness in their livestock, as well as trainings they have received.
2021-2022 calendar - Uganda
(2021) Tufts University
This calendar is made for those raising poultry in Uganda. It contains colour coded stickers for participants to track all dates of vaccination, mortality, and illness in their livestock, as well as trainings they have received.
250 thousand families challenge : bringing to bear food practice on health, equity and sustainability in Ecuador
(2020-03-31) Que rico es
The project has stimulated increased family-level investment in Andean crops, direct purchasing and agroecology, and has motivated people to engage in public debates on food and agriculture. Ecuador’s Colectivo Agroecologico influenced the 2008 Constitution which stipulates transition from food security to food sovereignty, including a ban on genetically modified seeds and crops. Thousands of families have joined a campaign that promotes fresh, agroecological food produced by family farmers.
3D-printed prosthesis to support female survivors of domestic violence, accidents or cancer treatment in Brazil
(2023) Carleton University; Gendered Design in Steam (GDS)
During development before birth and throughout life, the human body can be mutilated or amputated due to a variety of causes. This study investigates how 3D printing as an innovative technology can be utilized for prostheses production for women with visible disabilities caused by domestic violence, accidents, medical conditions, or cancer treatment. 3D printing offers a more sustainable alternative when compared to traditional prosthetics as it allows for higher levels of customization at lower production costs. This project used Design Science Research (DSR), which incorporates theory, artifact development, creativity, and innovation as a methodological approach. This project investigates the impacts of 3D printing technology on gendered design prosthesis to rehabilitate identity, confidence and independence of women in low- and middle-income countries.
A 40-year evaluation of drivers of African rainforest change
(Springer Nature, 2021-10-09) Chapman, Colin A.; Galán-Acedo, Carmen; Gogarten, Jan F.; Gogarten, Jan F.; Hou, Rong; Lawes, Michael J.
Background: Tropical forests are repositories of much of the world’s biodiversity and are critical for mitigation of climate change. Yet, the drivers of forest dynamics are poorly understood. This is in large part due to the lack of long-term data on forest change and changes in drivers. Methodology: We quantify changes in tree abundance, diversity, and stand structure along transects first enumerated in 1978 and resampled 2019 in Kibale National Park, Uganda. We tested five predictions. First, based on the purported role of seed dispersal and herbivory and our quantification of changes in the abundance of frugivores and herbivores, we tested two predictions of how faunal change could have influenced forest composition. Second, based on an evaluation of life history strategies, we tested two predictions concerning how the forest could have changed following disturbance that happened prior to written history. Finally, based on a 50-year climate record, we evaluate the possible influence of climate change on forest dynamics. Results: More trees were present on the assessed transects in 2019 (508) than in 1978 (436), species richness remained similar, but diversity declined as the number of dominant species increased. Rainfall increased by only 3 mm over the 50 years but this had not significant effect on forest changes measured here. Annual average monthly maximum temperature increased significantly by 1.05 °C over 50 years. The abundance of frugivorous and folivorous primates and elephants increased over the 50 years of monitoring. Neither the prediction that an increase in abundance of seed dispersing frugivores increases the abundance of their preferred fruiting tree species, nor that as an increase in folivore abundance causes a decline in their preferred species were supported. As predicted, light-demanding species decreased in abundance while shade-tolerant species increased as expected from Kibale being disturbed prior to historical records. Finally, while temperature increased over the 50 years, we found no means to predict a priori how individual species would respond. Conclusions: Our study revealed subtle changes in the tree community over 40 years, sizable increases in primate numbers, a substantial increase in the elephant population and an increase in local temperature. Yet, a clear picture of what set of interactions impact the change in the tree community remains elusive. Our data on tree life-history strategies and frugivore/herbivore foraging preferences suggest that trees species are under opposing pressures.
5 dicas infalíveis para vender alimentos ultraprocessados para crianças e ajudar o Brasil a atingir índices ainda mais altos de obesidade e outras doenças crônicas
(2020-10-22) Instituto Brasileiro de Defesa do Consumidor
Abimbola Windapo’s open textbook journey
(2021) Masuku, Bianca; Willmers, Michelle; Trotter, Henry; Cox, Glenda
This paper provides insight into content development, open licensing, and other processes involved in open educational resources. After years of refining her course notes Professor Windapo published online, “Fundamentals of Construction Management.” This case study discusses the open textbook journey that Abimbola Windapo embarked on with Digital Open Textbooks for Development (DOT4D) to make her textbook accessible to students and educators, as well as to industry professionals. Windapo chose to publish with an external commercial publisher because of its open access approach, which allows students to use its textbooks for free.
Abordagem Eco-Bio-Social e princípios fundamentais para o controle de vetores : conhecimento prévio dos profissionais de saúde
(2020) Borges de Vasconcelos, Renata; Fernandes, Hélida Melo; Silva, Kellyanne Abreu; Vasconcelos de Souza, Izautina; Mesquita, Lyvia Patrícia Soares; Caprara, Andrea
Abusividade da publicidade de alimentos na televisão aberta brasileira
(2020-04-21) Guimarães, Julia Soares; Santana, Marina Oliveira; Mais, Laís Amaral; Villamarin, Fernanda Helena Marrocos Leite; Horta, Paula Martins; Martins, Ana Paula Bortoletto; Claro, Rafael Moreira
Academic contributions to the development of evidence and policy systems : an EPPI Centre collective autoethnography
(Springer Nature, 2023-10-25) Oliver, Sandy; Dickson, Kelly; Bangpan, Mukdarut
Acadêmicos de medicina como intermediadores em minicurso para a formação de escolares na perspectiva da promoção e prevenção das arboviroses : um relato de experiência
(2020) Filho, Aderval Brígido de Sousa; Santos, Thanamy de Andrade; Araújo, Yuri Quintans; Barakat, Roberta Duarte Maia; Caprara, Andrea
Accelerating adaptation action in Africa : insights from African experts
(2021-01) Climate and Development Knowledge Network
Given the immensity of Africa, adaptation solutions must be context appropriate with local programme ownership. Leading African scientists and adaptation experts along with CDKN- knowledge accelerator for climate compatible development- helped to frame conversations at the anchoring event of the Climate Adaptation Summit (January, 2021). It covers three areas in African climate change adaptation: investing in skills and knowledge; climate-resilient economies, and; investing in nature. The paper provides detail on promising approaches to policy and programme design already being demonstrated in Africa. Specific entry points and opportunities are provided for each area, along with many examples.
Accelerating adaptation in Africa
(2021-01) Climate and Development Knowledge Network
Africa’s climate is already changing. Average land temperatures have increased by more than 1°C since pre-industrial times, sea levels are rising and extreme weather events, such as storms and droughts, are becoming more frequent. Further climate change is inevitable. Adapting to its impacts is essential for African societies to develop sustainably. CDKN has interviewed leading African scientists and climate change adaptation practitioners, to identify local solutions that can be learnt from and scaled up, to accelerate adaptation and contribute to a more climate-resilient future. This video will be shown during the Africa anchoring event of the Climate Adaptation Summit on 25th January 2021. Hosted by the Netherlands, the online international Climate Adaptation Summit (CAS) 2021 on 25 and 26 January convenes global leaders and local stakeholders. It will see the launch of a comprehensive Adaptation Action Agenda that sets out clear commitments to deliver concrete new endeavours and partnerships to make our world more resilient to the effects of climate change.
Accelerating climate research and action in cities through advanced science-policy-practice partnerships
(Springer Nature, 2021-02-23) Solecki, William; Ramos, Gian Carlo Delgado; Roberts, Debra; Rosenzweig, Cynthia; Walsh, Brenna; Okem, A.; Barau, Aliyu; Prieur-Richard, Anne-Hélène; Rama, Bard; Lee, Boram
While cities and urban areas have begun to be recognized within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), a multi-level climate action is urgent with cities playing a central role in mobilization. This assessment defines some conceptual and operational gaps faced by the science-policy-practice community; how partnerships are structured; the research and action agenda that underpins them; how this agenda is being articulated and implemented; and how climate change can be addressed in cities. The paper concludes with a series of strategies and recommendations for targeted policy adjustments that support actionable knowledge.
Accelerating the transition toward a triple-impact economy through sustainable public procurement (SPP) : final technical report
(2020-05-06) Organization of American States / Inter-American Network on Government Procurement (OAS/INGP) Technical Secretariat
The project revealed that the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region still faces major technical, political, regulatory, and budgetary roadblocks preventing LAC countries from being able to handle sustainability criteria more smoothly. Most officials involved in public procurement institutions in LAC were not familiar with the concept of triple-impact economies nor with purpose-driven businesses. Activities and results of the project are outlined, with country-specific details. Activities included training members of the Inter-American Network on Government Procurement (INGP) to position public procurement as a tool for sustainable development in the region. Evidence shows the region is characterized already by substantive work on social sustainability.
Accent translation : improving online learning experience in Africa
(2021) Afonja, Tejumade; Okubadejo, Olumide; Nwadike, Munachiso; Mbataku, Clinton; Francis, Lawrence
The goal is to make online educational content accessible through the reformulation of content in local accents. This brief presentation provides an overview of the structure of the project and provides a timeline for development of datasets.
Accès des femmes à la terre au Sénégal : quelques leçons tirées de l’étude de base
(Initiative Prospective Agricole et Rurale (IPAR), 2020-01) COULIBALY-TANDIAN, Oumoul Khaïry; NDIAYE, Ndèye Yandé

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