Prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in dairy cattle, cattle-keeping families, their non-cattle-keeping neighbours and HIV-positive individuals in Dagoretti Division, Nairobi, Kenya

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dc.contributor.authorKange’the, Erastus
dc.contributor.authorMcDermott, Brigid
dc.contributor.authorGrace, Delia
dc.contributor.authorMbae, Cecilia
dc.contributor.authorMulinge, Erastus
dc.date.accessioned2012-09-08T20:22:36Z
dc.date.available2012-09-08T20:22:36Z
dc.date.copyright2012
dc.date.issued2012-08
dc.descriptionThis paper is part of a special supplement on assessing and managing urban zoonoses and food-borne disease in two African cities (Nairobi, Kenya and Ibadan, Nigeria).en
dc.description.abstractThis paper reports a study estimating the prevalence of cryptosporidiosis, an emerging zoonosis, in people and cattle in Dagoretti, Nairobi. A repeated cross-sectional survey was carried out among randomly selected cattle keepers in Dagoretti, their dairy cattle and their non-cattle-keeping neighbours in the dry and wet seasons of 2006. A survey was also carried out among a group of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Faecal samples were examined for Cryptosporidium oocysts using the modified Ziehl–Neelsen method; 16 % of the samples were also examined using immunofluorescence antibody (IFA) technique. Quality control consisted of blind reviews of slides, examining split samples and confirming slide results with IFA. We found that members of dairy households had a dry season cryptosporidiosis prevalence of 4 % and wet season prevalence of 0.3 %, and non-dairy households, a prevalence of 5 and 0 %, respectively. The cattle dry season prevalence was 15 %, and the wet season prevalence, 11 %. The prevalence in people living with HIV was 5 %. The laboratory quality control system showed some inconsistency within and between different tests, indicating challenges in obtaining consistent results under difficult field and working conditions. In conclusion, this is the first reported study to simultaneously survey livestock, livestock keepers and their neighbours for cryptosporidiosis. We failed to find evidence that zoonotic cryptosporidiosis is important overall in this community. This study also draws attention to the importance of quality control and its reporting in surveys in developing countries.en
dc.formatTexten
dc.format.extent1 digital file (8 p.)en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.identifier.citationKange’the, E., McDermott, B., Grace, D., Mbae, C., Mulinge, E., et al. (2012). Prevalence of cryptosporidiosis in dairy cattle, cattle-keeping families, their non-cattle-keeping neighbours and HIV-positive individuals in Dagoretti Division, Nairobi, Kenya. Tropical Animal Health and Production, SI.doi:10.1007/s11250-012-0201-6en
dc.identifier.issn0049-4747
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10625/50255
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringeren
dc.relation.journalTropical Animal Health and Production
dc.subjectCRYPTOSPORIDIOSISen
dc.subjectDAIRY CATTLEen
dc.subjectNAIROBIen
dc.subjectHIVen
dc.subjectKENYAen
dc.subjectURBAN DAIRY PRODUCTIONen
dc.subjectCRYPTOSPORIDIUMen
dc.subjectZOONOTIC DISEASESen
dc.subjectFOOD BORNE DISEASEen
dc.subjectPREVALENCEen
dc.subjectDAIRY FARMINGen
dc.subjectLIVESTOCKen
dc.titlePrevalence of cryptosporidiosis in dairy cattle, cattle-keeping families, their non-cattle-keeping neighbours and HIV-positive individuals in Dagoretti Division, Nairobi, Kenyaen
dc.typeJournal Article (peer-reviewed)en
idrc.copyright.holderSpringer Science+Business Media B.V.
idrc.dspace.accessIDRC Onlyen
idrc.noaccessDue to copyright restrictions the full text of this research output is not available in the IDRC Digital Library or by request from the IDRC Library. / Compte tenu des restrictions relatives au droit d'auteur, le texte intégral de cet extrant de recherche n'est pas accessible dans la Bibliothèque numérique du CRDI, et il n'est pas possible d'en faire la demande à la Bibliothéque du CRDI.en
idrc.project.componentnumber103075001
idrc.project.number103075
idrc.project.titleHealth Risk Analysis of Cryptosporidiosis and other Hazards in Urban Smallholder Dairy Production (Kenya)en
idrc.rims.adhocgroupIDRC SUPPORTEDen

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