Technical Innovation / Innovation technique
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Item Acclaim for rural knowledge centres(MSSRF, Chennai, IN, 2004) M.S. Swaminathan Research FoundationItem Application of distance learning technologies to human capital development in national agricultural research systems(2001) IRRI; Simon Fraser UniversityItem Articles from MSSRF(MSSRF, Chennai, IN, 2004) M.S. Swaminathan Research FoundationItem Articles in the press about MSSRF's RKCs(MSSRF, Chennai, IN, 2004) M.S. Swaminathan Research FoundationItem Atlas of mangrove wetlands of India : part 1 Tamil Nadu(M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, Chennai, IN, 2002) M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation; Selvam, V.; Gnanappazham, L.; Navamuniyammal, M.; Ravichandran, K.K.; Karunagaran, V.M.Item Boîte de Pandore : un nouveau modèle pour l'éducation en Asie(CRDI, Ottawa, ON, CA, 2006) Waldick, LisaItem Box items or part of the report(MSSRF, Chennai, IN, 2004) M.S. Swaminathan Research FoundationItem Bridging the growing divide between scientific know - how and field - level do - how(MSSRF, Chennai, IN, 2004) M.S. Swaminathan Research FoundationItem Challenges of optimizing common alerting protocol for SMS based GSM devices in last-mile hazard warnings in Sri Lanka(LIRNEasia, Colombo, LK, 2008) Waidyanatha, Nuwan; Dias, D.; Purasinghe, H.The aim of the Last-Mile Hazard Warning System (LM-HWS) is to deploy various alert and notification wireless technologies intended to reduce the vulnerability of local communities to natural and manmade hazards in Sri Lanka. The project adopts an “all-hazards, all-media” approach designed around a set of five wireless communication technologies. The pilot project entitled, “Evaluating Last-Mile Hazard Information Dissemination”, or the “HazInfo Project”, involved deployment, training, and field-testing of the technologies, in various combinations, across 32 tsunami-affected villages, using the “Common Alerting Protocol ” (CAP) for data interchange with content provided in three languages (English, Sinhalese and Tamil). Results to date suggest that the basic internetworking arrangement at lower technical layers has proven to be reasonably robust and reliable but that a key challenge remains in the upper layers of application software and content provision. This is evident in the apparent difficulties faced when implementing CAP messaging over a LM-HWS that included two GSM Technology solutions. Lessons learned from silent tests and live exercises point to several key bottlenecks in the GSM solutions where the integrity of CAP messages is compromised due to problems associated with technological boundaries, technical difficulties, software interoperability, and direct human intervention. Those working with content standards and development of software for hazard information systems must consider closely the interoperability issues at various layers of interconnectivity as well as compromising technological uncertainty caused by human mishaps. As field trials suggest, text based alerting such as cell broadcasting (or short message services) can not be introduced for public alerting until a common content standard is agreed upon that takes into consideration the restrictions imposed as a result of miniaturization of mobile handheld devices that prevent from displaying unambiguous alert messages. This paper reports on findings from a series of field tests conducted in Sri Lanka to compare the reliability of the two GSM solutions with their relative effectiveness in terms of alert and notification capabilities in the last-mile of an early warning systemItem Common alerting protocol message broker for Last-Mile Hazard Warning System in Sri Lanka : an essential component(LIRNEasia, Colombo, LK, 2008) Waidyanatha, Nuwan; Gow, Gordon; Anderson, PeterLast-Mile Hazard Warning System (LM-HWS) is an Innovation aimed at providing the Communities in Sri Lanka a system to receive hazard information for early warnings. A major component of the LM-HWS is the Hazard Information Hub (HIH) disseminating CAP Message in the 3 national languages: Sinhala, Tamil, and English. These CAP Messages are sent to the Last-Mile Communities in the content-forms of audio and text. Reliability of the HIH performance must not be any less than a 95%. Such a high reliability is expected in order to give the Community First-Responders time to complete their Emergency Response Plans. The Live Exercises gave the HIH a Reliability score of 78%. For example an event such as the December 2004 Tsunami that had a minimal 90 minute duration between time of hazard starting and the time of impacting Sri Lanka; with a 78% Reliability, the function: Relaying of Message to the Last-Mile alone would take 20 minutes. Analysis also shows the Reliability to drop significantly when the combination of SISO relaying Applications increase. A MIMO Alerting Application such as a Common Alerting Protocol (CAP) Message Broker would increase the performance of the HIH and give the hazard impacting Communities additional time to execute their ERPs.Item Community-based hazard warning in Sri Lanka : miniaturization assessment of terminal devices in the last-mile link(LIRNEasia, Colombo, LK, 2008) Waidyanatha, Nuwan; Gow, Gordon; Anderson, PeterThe M=9+ earthquake in Sumatara, Indonesia, on December 26, 2004 at 00:59 GMT triggered destructive tsunami waves, which greatly affected Indonesia, Sri Lanka, India, the Maldives, and Thailand. People were caught unawares as there was no warning system in place for tsunamis in the Indian Ocean. Overall it is estimated that more than 250,000 in the region perished. The aim of the Last-Mile Hazard Warning System (LM-HWS) was to deploy various alert and notification wireless technologies intended to reduce the vulnerability of local communities to natural and manmade hazards in Sri Lanka. The project adopted an “all-hazards, all-media” approach designed around a set of five wireless communication technologies: Addressable Satellite Radios for Emergency Alerting, Remote Alarm Devices, Mobile Phones, Fixed Phones and Very Small Aperture Terminals. The pilot project entitled, “Evaluating Last-Mile Hazard Information Dissemination”, or the “HazInfo Project”, involved deployment, training, and field-testing of the technologies, in various combinations, across 32 tsunami-affected villages, using the “Common Alerting Protocol ” (CAP) for data interchange with content provided in three languages (English, Sinhalese and Tamil). The ultimate LM-HWS intentions are to introduce Alerting and Notification to improve the “situational awareness” of all-hazards in 15,000 Sarvodaya embedded Communities in the Island of Sri Lanka. While this paper discusses the overall performance of the LM-HWS its main purpose is to report on one aspect of the effectiveness measure - identifying the need for miniaturized terminal devices that not only can be used during hazard alert and notification but also during the response and recovery stages of the disaster management cycle. The measure introduced gives a set of guidelines for equipment manufacturers as well as a mechanism for planners to set a strategy when introducing terminal devices in to a Last-Mile warning system.Item Community-based hazard warnings in rural Sri Lanka : performance of alerting and notification in a last-mile message relay(LIRNEasia, Colombo, LK, 2008) Waidyanatha, Nuwan; Gow, Gordon; Anderson, PeterThe aim of the Last-Mile Hazard Warning System (LM-HWS) is to deploy and assess various alert and notification technologies intended to reduce the vulnerability of local communities to natural and manmade hazards in rural Sri Lanka. The project adopts an “all-hazards, all-media” approach designed around a set of five wireless communication technologies [2]. The pilot project involved deployment, training, and field-testing of the technologies, in various combinations, across 32 tsunami-affected villages, using Common Alerting Protocol for data interchange with content provided in three languages (English, Sinhalese and Tamil). This paper reports on findings from a series of field tests conducted in Sri Lanka to compare the reliability of the five ‘last-mile’ devices with their relative effectiveness in terms of alert and notification capabilities. Findings indicate that overall effectiveness of the alert and notification system is enhanced when a village is equipped with a technology combination that enhances complimentary redundancy in reliability and effectiveness. Further implications of these findings for planning and future research are discussed.Item Conservation of mangrove forest genetic resources : a training manual(M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, Madras, IN, 1994) M. S. Swaminathan Research Foundation, Centre for Research on Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development; International Tropical Timber Organization; Deshmukh, S.V.; Balaji, V.Item Digital review of Asia Pacific, 2007 - 2008(IDRC, Ottawa, ON, CA, 2008) Librero, Felix; Arinto, PatriciaItem Distance education technology in Asia : 1. past and present(Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, PK, 2007) Ahmed, Sheeraz; Amarsaikhan, Dashtseren; Attygala, Dilhari; Baggaley, Jon; Belawati, TianThe overall project became known as ‘PANdora’. See [www.pandora‐asia.org] This volume is the first collection of conclusions from existing Pan Asia Networking PANdora projects. The content covers: Accessibility, Acceptance and Effects of Distance Education in South Asia; E‐learning in Chinese Schools and Universities; Distance Education Technologies in Cambodia, Laos, Mongolia, and Viet Nam (along with distance education policy); Evaluations of Distance‐based Delivery Methods; Training and Assessment in Distance Education; and E-Learning assessment. National issues are covered in the last chapter.Item ELADA 21 : Agenda 21 hits the information highway(1994) Simard, Réjean; Benmouffok, DjilaliItem Evaluating last-mile hazard information dissemination : a research proposal(LIRNEasia, Colombo, LK, 2008) Samarajiva, RohanThis is a comprehensive and detailed report regarding implementation of a first-responders ICT strategy for emergency communication and disaster management in Sri Lanka. The project showed that ICTs can be incorporated into communities and form a critical infrastructure. However, from a technical perspective all ICTs used in the hazard information dissemination system (HazInfo Pilot) need upgrading to receive Complete Full-CAP (Common Alerting Protocol) messages before their use in the Last-Mile Communities of Sri Lanka. Sri Lankan society is not used to working according to plans, nor adhering to concepts of deadlines. Disastrous weather events and ongoing civil conflicts are impediments to pilot project planning.Item Final technical report : blended technology education program; using technology to level education playing field in Mongolia", January 15, 2009 - January 15, 2010(Education Channel Television of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, MN, 2010) Natsagdorj, S.; Otgonjargal, O.; Otgonsuren, Ch.; Burenjargal, T.; Enkhmonkh, M.The project aimed to test whether good quality education content in computer science and English language training, can be delivered to children, especially to those who lack high quality educational resources, using the most recent development of technologies in the context of Mongolia- where 35% of the population is under the age of 18. Results revealed a clear impact on student performance, learning, interest, and skill development. Often children in rural and peri-urban areas lack critical information, guidance and counselling on career choice, social mobility, graduation and entrance examinations.Item Fostering sustainable disaster resilient communities : a concept paper, v2.1(LIRNEasia, Colombo, LK, 2008) Udu-gama, NatashaThe 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami highlighted the need for disaster risk reduction actions to minimize the harm that can be caused by hazards in general and by rapid-onset, large-scale geographical hazards such as cyclones and tsunamis. In 2006-07 LIRNEasia and Sarvodaya conducted a pilot project to evaluate last-mile hazard information systems in 32 tsunami-affected villages, in the context of Sarvodaya's strategic commitment to make all of their 15,000 villages (around 40% of the total in Sri Lanka) disaster resilient. Based on the research, it was concluded that disaster resilience would require a focus on village organization and an effective melding of communication over time (through contingency planning, training and simulations) and communication over space (using ICTs found to be effective in the pilot project). It is also necessary to have a hazard information hub (HIH) that functions on a 24/7 basis and effective protocols and procedures for its efficient and reliable operation. The planning, training and simulations have to be done on a continuing basis with the trainers returning to each organized village at regular intervals…Item Harnessing the tools of the space age for rural transformation(MSSRF, Chennai, IN, 2004) M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation