Research Results (CIFSRF) / Résultats de recherches (FCRSAI)

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3rd IPWG meeting : Mauritius 2015
(2015-01) Bertaccini, A.
The third International Phytoplasmologist Working Group (IPWG) Meeting was held at the Intercontinental Hotel Mauritius Resort Balaclava Fort from January 14 to January 17 as planned. The Meeting was attended by 60 participants from the 25 different Countries namely: Brazil, Canada, Chile, Côte d'Ivoire, France, Germany, Ghana, India, Iran, Israel, Italy, Kenya, Mauritius, Mexico, Mozambique, Pakistan, Poland, Saudi Arabia, Slovenia, South Africa, Spain, Switzerland, Taiwan, Turkey and USA.
Acceso a fuentes de financiamiento para la agricultura familiar ecológica : manual para líderes y directivos de asociaciones de productores (anexo 39 del informe técnico final)
(AGROECO Project - UNALM, Lima, PE, 2014-06) Valle, Ricardo; Eeckhout, Hannes Van Den; Delgado, Jaime
The publication “Access to funding sources for organic family agriculture: manual for leaders and directors of producer associations” is a contribution of the AGROECO project for producers and their organizations and aims to support them in the elaboration of their proper project proposals to access local funding. Agroecology has shown to be the most efficient of all existing models in agricultural development for smallholders, particularly in the Peruvian Andes. Agroecological intensification demands that the Government should facilitate the creation of sustainable business with appropriate investment in infrastructure, facilities, public services and training. Nowadays, many farmers with a heterogeneous base (land size, organization level, investment capacity) have the possibility to access several funding mechanisms to strengthen their organization and be part of the value chain in best conditions. Nevertheless, the market and the credit system can be risky fields to assume as smallholders. This manual gives insights in finance basics and value chains terminology and provides practical steps for participatory business plan development, with the aim that with the right orientation and access to funding sources, farmer organizations can move towards a better livelihood in rural areas and overcome food insecurity.
Accroître la sécurité alimentaire en associant étroitement élevage, arbres et cultures par la pratique de l'agroforesterie au Mali : compte rendu de l'atelier de lancement du projet, 23-27 mai 2011, pavillon Paul-Comtois, Université Laval, Québec
(2011) Université de Laval; IER; IPR/IFRA; CECI Mali; ICRAF; ACDI; FCRSAI
Réunir deux continents, regrouper cinq institutions différentes, impliquer des chercheurs provenant de disciplines aussi diversifiées que la biologie végétale, l’agroforesterie, les sciences animales, l’économie forestière et l’anthropologie et rallier des professionnels compétents dans le domaine de la participation paysanne et de la gestion de projet autour de la question de la sécurité alimentaire relève certainement de l’exploit. C’est pourtant ce à quoi aspirent les artisans du projet « Accroître la sécurité alimentaire en associant étroitement élevage, arbres et cultures par la pratique de l’agroforesterie au Mali ». Le projet, financé par l’ACDI via le Fonds canadien de recherche sur la sécurité alimentaire internationale et géré par le CRDI, s’échelonnera sur une durée de trois ans et demi et devra permettre, à terme, d’améliorer la sécurité alimentaire des ménages ruraux, et en particulier des femmes, par l’amélioration des techniques d’embouche ovine et des pratiques agroforestières alliant la culture de ligneux fourragers à celle de produits vivriers.
Accroître la sécurité alimentaire en associant étroitement élevage, arbres et cultures par la pratique de l'agroforesterie au Mali : rapport technique final (1er mars 2011 - 1er septembre 2014)
(2014-08) Université Laval
cultures par la pratique de l’agroforesterie au Mali » (ASAPAM) avait pour objectif géné-ral de mettre au point et diffuser des techniques d'embouche et des pratiques agrofo-restières permettant d’accroître la sécurité alimentaire des exploitations agricoles fami-liales des zones semi-arides d’Afrique de l’Ouest, et particulièrement du Mali, en y op-timisant la contribution des ligneux et en y intégrant des espèces dont les produits et services permettent de renforcer les systèmes de production et d'assurer la conserva-tion des ressources naturelles. Au Mali, le mouton a une importance capitale. Indissociable de certaines cérémonies coutumières et religieuses, il joue un rôle essentiel sur le plan alimentaire, économique, social et culturel. L'élevage ovin est une activité très largement pratiquée dans le pays, notamment par les femmes, pour qui il représente généralement une source de revenus non négligeable qui peut avoir une influence sur la sécurité alimentaire des ménages. La production ovine demeure cependant une activité qui comporte des risques et des difficultés dans un pays comme le Mali. La rareté et le coût élevé des aliments peuvent représenter des problèmes majeurs, surtout en saison sèche. Pendant cette période de l’année, les feuilles de certains arbres et arbustes sont depuis longtemps utilisées comme fourrage afin de suppléer à la production insuffisante des pâturages. Il n’avait cependant jamais été démontré jusqu’ici que les feuilles de certains ligneux pouvaient servir à nourrir des moutons sur une base régulière et remplacer un aliment comme la fane d’arachide, qui, elle, a déjà fait ses preuves. Le projet a entre autres permis de démontrer qu'une ration incluant des fourrages li-gneux (50 % de tourteau de coton et 50 % de fourrages ligneux) est tout aussi efficace, sinon plus, que la ration généralement recommandée (50 % de tourteau de coton et 50 % de fane d’arachide) puisqu'elle permet d'obtenir un gain de poids équivalent ou supérieur chez le mouton. Ce résultat est d'autant plus intéressant que le coût de l’alimentation peut être réduit jusqu’à 14 fois grâce à l’utilisation de fourrages ligneux dans la ration des moutons...
Achieving impact at scale (AIS) : AIS ICT in Agricultural Extension Policy Roundtable Meeting
(2018)
This is a detailed report on conference proceedings of the Achieving Impact at Scale (AIS) ICT in Agricultural Extension Policy Roundtable Workshop. Three important motions were put forward to various stakeholders: University of Ghana-College of Agriculture, MOFA-WIAD, MOFA-DAES, MOFA-eAgric, farmers, Outgrower businesses (OBs), Centre for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Grameen Foundation (GF), Farm Radio International (FRI), National Media Commission, Alliance for Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA), Independent Consultants, Agronomists, District Department of Agriculture and Development Practitioners. Motions include proposals for a national digital platform; policy framework implementation for provision of updated extension services; establishment of an agro-meteorological department.
Achieving impact at scale through ICT-enabled extension services in Ghana (CIFSRF Phase 2) : final evaluation report
(2018-02)
The project addresses challenges of low agricultural production and rising food insecurity in Ghana. Access to agricultural extension services by smallholder farmers helps them learn and apply improved and efficient agronomic practices that contribute to increased farm productivity. The ICT platform provides customized advisory information to farmers and allows direct interaction and personalized discussions around farm issues with the Field Agent. Farm Radio International (FRI) radio programming broadcasts expand access to extension content via the creation of listening groups. Combining radio and other ICT peripherals to deliver e-extension in this project was a potent combination that can be replicated.
Achieving impact at scale through ICT-enabled extension services in Ghana : project story
(2020-02-18) Canadian International Food Security Research Fund
Digital platforms such as mobile phones, participatory radio and video tutorials rapidly connect farmers to trusted information, resources, markets, and financial services. The AgroTech advisory platform extended the reach of agricultural information, increased the number of field agents, and improved the adoption of good farming practices. Field agent activities were supported by interactive radio programs developed by Farm Radio International. They were also equipped with computer tablets and ‘SmartEx’ software application, reaching 500,687 farmers (34.8% women). Higher yielding technologies and practical innovations increased participant incomes and productivity. Many more farmers were reached than through traditional agricultural extension services.
Acuicultura Boliviana : protocolo para el análisis, evaluación y formulación de proyectos de acuicultura tropical
(INIA, La Paz, BO, 2014-05) Monasterio, Carmen; Mendoza, José; Flores, Mónica; Céspedes, Álvaro; Carolsfeld, Joachim
El presente documento de protocolo sirve como una guía para la formulación de proyectos de acuicultura tropical que tengan en cuenta los objetivos y las expectativas locales, regionales y nacionales, además de las condiciones sociales y ambientales locales. La acuicultura tiene un gran potencial, pero no es una solución para todas las situaciones. Es necesario desarrollar un profundo análisis, este documento ofrece herramientas para evaluar los factores críticos, ayudar en la planificación y el desarrollo de un negocio sostenible y rentable.
Addressing food and nutrition insecurity in the Caribbean through domestic smallholder farming system innovation
(Spinger, 2015) Saint Ville, Arlette S.; Hickey, Gordon M.; Phillip, Leroy E.
Structural conditions underlying the development of CARICOM’s two-tiered agricultural innovation system depict diverse drivers of change over time, versus institutional inertia of export-oriented formal institutions and the neglect of informal domestic markets. Key principles of taking an agroecological approach would include: supporting diversity and redundancy, building connectivity, managing slow variables and feedbacks, improving understanding of socioecological systems as complex adaptive systems, and encouraging polycentric governance systems. In this paper, we review the conditions that have been undermining sustainable food and nutrition security in the Caribbean, focusing on issues of history, economy, and innovation.
Addressing inequities in access to fortified sunflower oil - Costs of small, medium large-scale fortification in Tanzania
(2017-06) Walters, Dylan; Ndau, Edna; Maseta, Elina; Saleh, Nadira; Mosha, Theobald Dr.; Hornton, Susan Dr.
Vitamin A Deficiency (VAD) is attributed with 157,000 child deaths (6-59 months) globally each year (1). In Tanzania, VAD is considered a severe public health problem responsible for a high burden of the child mortality and morbidity. The MASAVA project, in the Manyara and Shinyanga regions of Tanzania, works with small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) sunflower oil processors and retailers to fortify and distribute sunflower oil with Vitamin-A to households vulnerable to VAD – particularly households with lactating women and young children. The goal of the project is to reduce the prevalence of VAD in these regions, 48% and 42% in 2010 respectively (2) by implementing a sustainable business model for vitamin A fortification in these regions between 2014 and 2017.
Adoption croissante de la culture de pommes de terre plus nutritives et résistantes aux maladies en Colombie : profil de projet
(2018) Mosquera Vasquez, Teresa; Melgar-Quinonez, Hugo
Des connaissances scientifiques conjuguées à des pratiques traditionnelles ont mené à la création de trois variétés de pommes de terre à chair jaune très nutritives, résistantes et rentables pour les agriculteurs. Des chercheurs de la Colombie et du Canada travaillent avec des partenaires du secteur public-privé afin d’accroître la production et la consommation de ce produit de base nutritif et entièrement naturel en Colombie et partout dans le monde.
Advanced tools for food security research: web-based GIS mapping and synchrotron-based analysis for scaling up the MicroVeg agronomic innovations
(2018-03) Peak, Derek John; Minielly, Colin; Zeng, W.; Procyshen, Taylor; Akponikpe, Pierre Irenikatche; Oyedele, Durodoluwa; Adebooye, Odunayo Clement
The new WebGIS platform allows visualization of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data compiled from online sources as well project research. Part of the larger project “Synergizing fertilizer micro-dosing and indigenous vegetable production to enhance food and economic security of West African farmers (CIFSRF Phase 2)” it contains climate, topographical, infrastructure, soil data and all of MicroVeg agronomic data, adjusted into two seasons (wet vs. dry) three ecozones (rainforest, savannah, and sudano savannah) for the four vegetable crops of the project. This allows estimates of vegetable yields, water requirements, and microdose fertilizer rates anywhere in Benin Republic or Nigeria. See: http://webgis.usask.ca/microveg/
Affordable natural product reduces fruit losses, increases incomes : project profile
(2018) Subramanian, Kizhaeral Sevathapandian; Hewajulige, Ilmi; Subramanian, Jayasankar
Patents are pending for an innovative technique that uses nanotechnology to extend and optimize the use of hexanal to keep fruits fresh and firm longer. This project brief outlines next steps for a team of 35 men and women researchers, working with academic and industry leaders, to develop nine easy-to-use commercial products, including hexanal sprays and dips for pre- and post-harvest use. Government agencies, farmers, grower federations, and packaging companies from Asia, Africa, and the Caribbean are stepping up efforts to commercialize this technology and expand its use for a variety of fruits.
African-Canadian collaboration bears fruit
(University of Toronto, 2015-07) Smith, Elaine
Women are still at a disadvantage, whether they are academics or farmers, as participants in a recent workshop at the University of Toronto discovered.
Agriculteurs de l'Afrique de l'Ouest augmentent les rendements et les profits, avec moins d'engrais : profil de projet
(2018) Adebooye, Odunayo Clement; Oyedele, Durodoluwa; Akponikpe, Pierre Irenikatche; Aluko, Rotimi Emmanuel; Peak, Derek John
Plus de 50 000 agriculteurs du Nigeria et du Bénin aident 200 000 autres agriculteurs à se familiariser avec la façon d'obtenir de meilleurs rendements et des légumes de meilleure qualité en utilisant moins d'engrais. Des méthodes agronomiques simples ont montré qu'elles pouvaient accroître les revenus de 30 à 90 % et réduire les coûts des engrais de 22 % pour des milliers d'agriculteurs d'Afrique de l'Ouest, pour la plupart des femmes.
Agricultural technologies bring healthy diversity to school meals
(WRENmedia, 2014-10) Isaac, Wendy-Ann; Eudoxie, Gaius; Cortbaoui, Patrick; Ganpat, Wayne; Borucki, Sylvia
The Farm to Fork model, developed specifically for the Caribbean, resulted in increased income for farmers and improved consistency in food production and supply. Technical and institutional support for irrigated agriculture increased yields and opened new markets, particularly for women farmers. Use of locally made compost increased productivity, quality and profitability. The project worked with the Ministry of Agriculture, to introduce drip irrigation to 16 smallholder farmers, who were also trained in techniques for soil moisture monitoring and conservation. Improved agricultural technologies enabled farmers to supply school feeding programs and enhance dietary diversity.
Agroecology and rural livelihoods : desirable or real effects on food security among smallholders in the Peruvian Andes?; preliminary report of a household survey (annex 1 of final technical report)
(AGROECO Project, Lima, PE, 2014-08) Ugás, Roberto; Vargas, Silvana; Cóndor, Pedro; Eeckhout, Hannes Van den
In Peru, agroecological production is smallholder based. Research focused on effects of agroecological practices in rural livelihoods with emphasis on food security. Findings suggest that over time, agroecological farmers have achieved better results than conventional farmers in terms of food availability and variety. There was a strong negative relationship between the number of food deficit months and agricultural innovation (i.e., the least secure households were making few farming practice changes). Conventional farmers report higher proportions of exhausted soils (72.6%), erosion (39%) and dependency on rainfall (43.5 %).
Agronomic challenges and opportunities for smallholder terrace agriculture in developing countries
(2017-03) Chapagain, Tejendra; Raizada, Manish
The article focuses on the challenges of terrace agriculture: lack of quality land area; erosion and loss of soil fertility; low yield; poor access to agricultural inputs and services; lack of mechanization; labor shortages; poverty and illiteracy. Agronomic strategies that help address these concerns include intensification of terraces using agroecological approaches along with introduction of light-weight, low-cost, and affordable tools and inputs that enhance productivity and reduce female drudgery. This paper references some challenges and successes of the “Nepal Terrace Farmers and Sustainable Agriculture Kits (SAK)” project, providing details of tools (illustrated table) and positive practices transferrable to similar regions.
Agronomic challenges and opportunities for smallholder terrace agriculture in developing countries
(Frontiers in plant science / Agroecology and Ecosystem Services, 2017-03) Chapagain, Tejendra; Raizada, Manish N.
Improving land productivity is essential to meet increasing food and forage demands in hillside and mountain communities. Tens of millions of smallholder terrace farmers in Asia, Africa, and Latin America who earn $1-2 per day do not have access to peer-reviewed knowledge of best agronomic practices, though they have considerable traditional ecological knowledge. Terrace farmers also lack access to affordable farm tools and inputs required to increase crop yields. The objectives of this review are to highlight the agronomic challenges of terrace farming, and offer innovative, low-cost solutions to intensify terrace agriculture while improving local livelihoods. The article focuses on smallholder farmers in developing nations, with particular reference to Nepal. The challenges of terrace agriculture in these regions include lack of quality land area for agriculture, erosion and loss of soil fertility, low yield, poor access to agricultural inputs and services, lack of mechanization, labor shortages, poverty, and illiteracy. Agronomic strategies that could help address these concerns include intensification of terraces using agro-ecological approaches along with introduction of light-weight, low-cost, and purchasable tools and affordable inputs that enhance productivity and reduce female drudgery. To package, deliver, and share these technologies with remote hillside communities, effective scaling up models are required. One opportunity to enable distribution of these products could be to "piggy-back" onto pre-existing snackfood/cigarette/alcohol distribution networks that are prevalent even in the most remote mountainous regions of the world. Such strategies, practices, and tools could be supported by formalized government policies dedicated to the well-being of terrace farmers and ecosystems, to maintain resiliency at a time of alarming climate change. We hope this review will inform governments, non-governmental organizations, and the private sector to draw attention to this neglected and vulnerable agro-ecosystem in developing countries.
Alleviating Poverty and Malnutrition in Agro-Biodiversity Hotspots : final technical report (1 March 2011 - 31 August 2014)
(2014) Pattison, John K.; Nambi, V.A.; Kav, Nat; Swallow, Brent
The APM project provided a basket of livelihood options, working with local participants to test integrated agricultural systems, production technologies, techniques for crop and animal husbandry, on and off-farm enterprises, improving nutrition literacy, as well as social and institutional innovations. The adoption of integrated practices in cultivation of finger millet in Jeypore for instance, enhanced productivity by 82% and monetary returns by 46%. Women and landless farmers gained access to land for cultivation of short-duration crops, benefiting from cultivation of suitable varieties, consumption of diverse species, and through intercropping across sites. To enhance sustainability, the project anchored all its efforts in community based organizations.

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