Sub-Saharan Africa / Afrique subsaharienne
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Item Accommodating customary water management arrangements to consolidate poverty-focused water reform : a policy brief(Eastern and Central Africa Programme for Agricultural Policy Analysis (ECAPAPA), Entebbe, UG, 2007) Eastern and Central Africa Programme for Agricultural Policy Analysis (ECAPAPA)Item Activity report, 14 February 2003-25 July 2006(OSSREA, Addis Ababa, ET, 2006) Organization for Social Science Research in Eastern and Southern Africa (OSSREA)Item Adding nuance : constructivist inquiry in agricultural R&D(AHI, Kampala, UG, 2004) German, LauraItem Advancing human nutrition without degrading land resources through modeling cropping systems in the Ethiopian Highlands(International Nutrition Foundation for the United Nations University, Tokyo, JP, 2004) Amede, Tilahun; Stroud, A.; Aune, JensItem African Regional Workshop on Compensation for Ecosystem Services (CES), 22-24 May 2006, Nairobi, Kenya(World Agroforestry Centre, Nairobi, KE, 2007) Ochieng, Benson; Otiende, Brian; Rumley, RachelThe Africa Regional Workshop was staged as a component of the Global Scoping Study on Compensation for Ecosystem Services (CES). Commissioned and funded by the International Development Research Centre (IDRC), the general objective of the study is to contribute to the conceptualization and development of the IDRC’s Rural Poverty and Environment (RPE) programme related to CES by providing an overview of relevant developments in Africa, Asia and Latin America, a global synthesis of the results, and recommendations for a possible niche for RPE. // As a key part of the study, a 3-day workshop is being held in each focal region. The Africa Regional Workshop was hosted by the World Agforestry Centre (ICRAF) in Nairobi, Kenya, from 22-24 May 2006. The event brought together participants from across the region, including Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania and South Africa. Delegates represented international and national level organizations, academic bodies, NGOs, consulting firms and donor agencies. // Lead by ICRAF, the study is being performed by a diverse network of partners: Institute for Social and Economic Change (ISEC), African Centre for Technology Studies (ACTS), Corporacion Grupo Randi Randi (CGRR), Forest Trends, The World Conservation Union (IUCN Sri Lanka), with inputs from the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP).Item AHI [African Highlands Initiative] 2007-2009 MTP [Manager's Training Program] under the CGIAR(AHI, Kampala, UG, 2007)The target ecoregion is the densely settled mountain areas of Eastern and Central Africa, where there are clear signs of natural resource degradation. This ecoregion covers parts of Ethiopia, Eritrea, Uganda, Tanzania, Kenya, Madagascar, Rwanda, DR Congo, and Burundi. More humid densely populated highlands constitute about 23% of the total landmass in the region, yet house over 50% of the population given their suitability for human habitation. These highlands can be categorized as warm sub-humid tropics and cool tropics. This paper provides details of partnerships, pilot sites, and outputs of Phase 1 and 2 of the African Highlands Initiative, in terms of project management training.Item AHI phase 3 : broadening horizons-institutional, policy and technical innovations for improving NRM and agricultural productivity in the Highlands(AHI, Kampala, UG, 2007)The African Highlands Initiative (AHI) is an ecoregional research program of the Association for Strengthening Agricultural Research in Eastern and Central Africa (ASARECA). This one-pager describes Phase 3 that will work to: (i) improve watershed management using participatory, integrated approaches in pilot sites; (ii) effect scaling up of Integrated Natural Resource Management (INRM) approaches to the pilot districts and beyond; (iii) pursue institutional and policy change in favour of INRM; and, (iv) enhance networking and use of best practices among practitioners.Item AHI phase 4 : African Highlands Initiative-strengthening institutional innovations for integrated natural resource management in the Highlands of East and Central Africa(AHI, Kampala, UG, 2007)This two-page report provides examples of the African Highlands Initiative (AHI) work in Phase 3 (2002-2005). AHI builds local initiative, participation in better governance, and improvement in income while strengthening the natural resource base. AHI uses participatory action with local communities; R&D teams facilitate local action as part of development processes. Research products are provided to inform this process. Phase 4 goals include further development of watershed management, enabling collective action and integrating biophysical, social and economic dimensions of farm and landscape management. This new work will contribute to "action research for development" tools and methods.Item AHI program brief(AHI, Kampala, UG, 2003) Stroud, AnnItem Amélioration de la gestion paysanne des aménagements hydro-agricoles pour l'accroissement de la productivité et la préservation des ressources en sols et en eaux : rapport technique final(2006) Ministère de l'Agriculture, de l'Hydraulique Rurale et de la Sécurité Alimentaire; ISRA. Centre de Recherches Agricoles de Saint-Louis; Centre de recherches pour le développement international (CRDI); Pôles Systèmes Irrigués (PSI)Item Anderson Mumba : SMC beneficiary, Kabwe, Central Province(IDE (International Development Enterprises) Zambia, ZM, 2007)“Before the introduction of the treadle pump I could not go beyond half a hectare, now I have doubled the size of my plot and it is easy to irrigate,” said Mumba who is growing a variety of crops that include onion, rapeseed, water melons, okra, cow peas, carrots and tomatoes. His profit has more than doubled to between K3 000,000 and K5 000, 000 per season. Problems arise when the Smallholder Market Creation (SMC) project finishes and equipment breaks down, forcing farmers to travel farther in order to find replacement parts.Item Apprendre sur le terrain : Isang Bagsak ouvre la voie(CRDI, Ottawa, ON, CA, 2006) Kavanagh, Patrick; McKay, Blythe; Bessette, GuyUne nouvelle forme d’apprentissage entre pairs, élaborée conjointement par des chercheurs et des praticiens du développement en Afrique et en Asie, permet de tirer des enseignements des démarches participatives en recherche sur la gestion des ressources naturelles grâce à des rencontres, à des activités sur le terrain et à Internet.Item Art de l'écoute : des chercheurs et des agriculteurs africains montrent le chemin(CRDI, Ottawa, ON, CA, 2006) Kavanagh, Patrick; McKay, Blythe; Bessette, GuyQu’il soit question de la culture de la banane en Ouganda ou de la lutte contre la désertification au Sahel, les chercheurs se rendent à l’évidence : une nouvelle approche est de mise en gestion des ressources naturelles. Avec l’aide du Centre de recherches pour le développement international (CRDI), ils tentent de faire en sorte que la population locale prenne la situation en main.Item Attitude change for effective natural resource management research and development : who should change?(2005) Shemdoe, R.S.; Lyamchai, C.; Sellungato, M.; Mowo, J.G.Item Banishing the biopirates : a new approach to protecting traditional knowledge(IIED, London, GB, 2006) Swiderska, KrystynaThe livelihoods of indigenous peoples and the conservation of biodiversity worldwide depend on conserving and protecting traditional knowledge of the use and functioning of biological and natural resources. This traditional knowledge (TK) has helped develop the millions of farmers’ food crop varieties in use today, as well as a wealth of traditional medicines and techniques for sustainable agriculture and resource use. Yet this knowledge is rapidly disappearing. It is under increasing threat from both intellectual property regimes and economic globalisation processes which undermine traditional rural livelihoods. This loss is occurring despite the fact that the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) requires member countries to respect, preserve and maintain traditional knowledge, innovations and practices and encourage the fair and equitable sharing of benefits from their use. International and national policies have so far proved inadequate to protect traditional knowledge. The dominant paradigms of access and benefit-sharing and intellectual property rights fail to adequately protect TK because they reflect western norms and laws, and focus narrowly on protecting intellectual rights. This paper describes how indigenous and farmers’ organisations are calling for more holistic approaches to protecting their rights to TK, bio-genetic resources, territories, culture and customary laws. These components of indigenous knowledge systems and heritage cannot be separated. A new framework for protecting TK, known as collective bio-cultural heritage, addresses biodiversity and culture together, rather than separating them; recognises collective as opposed to individual rights; and places them in the framework of ‘heritage’ as opposed to ‘property’. This approach means: Acknowledging that a state’s sovereign right over natural resources (as recognised by the CBD) is conditioned by indigenous and local communities’ customary rights over their traditional resources and territories. These rights must also be recognised. Strengthening community natural resource management, customary laws and institutions, and collective land tenure as the basis for local control over traditional knowledge and resources. For example, the establishment of Indigenous managed Bio-cultural Heritage Areas can enhance rights over TK, traditional livelihoods and biodiversity conservation. Facilitating access by communities, not just scientists and companies, to genetic resources held ex situ. With genetic erosion caused by modern agriculture, development etc, many communities need access to this material if they are to restore diversity to cope with phenomena such as climate change.Item Beyond the farm : a new look at livelihood constraints in the highlands of Eastern Africa(AHI, Kampala, UG, 2003) German, LauraItem Boosting human nutrition through land use modeling : an alternative to biofortification(AHI, Kampala, UG, 2004) Amede, Tilahun; Mekonen, Kindu; Bekele, Agidew; Stroud, AnnItem Breaking new ground : new approaches to people-centred natural resource management and conservation in Southern Africa; final technical report, Apr. 2003 - Dec. 2006(2007)The programme recognised the value and use of a variety of natural resources in a range of livelihood activities by a diverse population operating at different scales. This is the final report for a three year programme of research analysis and networking that was run jointly by the Centre for Applied Social Sciences (CASS) at the University of Zimbabwe and the Programme for Land and Agrarian Studies (PLAAS), at the University of the Western Cape in South Africa. It reviews and assesses the programme, its activities, achievements, policy impact, and outputs. The regional workshop presentations and ensuing discussions are summarized.