Governance and Policy / Gouvernance et politique
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Item Access to information gains ground in Africa(Communications Division, IDRC, 2012) IDRC. Communications DivisionThe “ATI in Africa” (Accesss to Information Africa) initiative is investigating to what extent citizens are gaining access to information through environment and natural resource laws and institutions. Natural resources drive the national and household economies of these and other developing countries. Thus, promoting transparency in this sphere is considered key to assuring healthy, prosperous societies. This document is part of a project proposal.Item Access to information in Africa(World Resources Institute, Washington, DC, US, 2011) World Resources InstituteWorld Resources Institute (WRI) is an environmental think tank that goes beyond research to find practical ways to protect the earth and improve people’s lives. This two-page brief contains information related to WRI’s work in Africa on access to information (ATI) and transparency models within the context of natural resource management. The ATI in Africa project aims to create an evidence-based approach and an understanding of ATI, where partners develop and implement specific strategies to advocate for strengthening ATI in relation to governance of natural resources.Item Active and passive resistance to openness : the transparency model for freedom of information acts in Africa; three case studies(Commonwealth Human Rights Initiative (CHRI), 2011) Brobbey, Victor; Excell, Carole; Kakuru, Kenneth; Tilley, AlisonWhile more than 80 countries have passed a Freedom of Information Act (FOIA), only six are African countries: South Africa (2000), Angola (2002), Zimbabwe (2002), Uganda (2005), Ethiopia (2008), and Liberia (2010). This paper uses an analysis of the constitutions and FOIAs in Uganda and South Africa and the FOI Bill in Ghana to look at the ways in which the design of FOIAs allows government to actively and/or passively resist openness and transparency, and to exploit power imbalances between government and citizens. FOIAs need to be drafted squarely within the scope of constitutional language.Item Adding academic networks as an external KML map layer to the web version of the Africa Telecom Transmission Map(Hamilton Research, 2010) Hamilton, PaulThe 2010 edition of the Africa Telecom Transmission Map and Datasets shows the region’s terrestrial fibre and microwave, satellite and submarine cable networks. The presentation shows maps and related information. Hamilton Research (United Kingdom) is a specialist provider of research, analysis and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) cartographic services for telecom markets, and maintains a quarterly updated database of Africa’s transmission networks. “kml” or kmz (compressed) file endings point to a KML file as data source type.Item APC Access to knowledge / IP / Media Piracy Workshop, 7 April 2010, Sunnyside Park Hotel, Johannesburg, South Africa(IDRC, Ottawa, ON, CA, 2010) Diga, KathleenThe workshop invited speakers from several IDRC projects and South African groups to present their work in the Open Access knowledge space, hosting about 40 participants from various sectors including representatives from the South Africa department of trade and industry (dti), public works, the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), NGOs, media and other private sector firms. Presentations included Intellectual Property laws and access for the visually impaired, as well as Open Standards. Overall, the workshop succeeded in bringing intellectual property issues of the disadvantaged and for education purposes to the fore to a diverse group of participants.Item Avoiding the resource curse : spotlight on oil in Uganda(World Resources Institute, Washington, DC, US, 2011) Veit, Peter G.; Excell, Carole; Zomer, AlisaUganda has made significant progress in codifying the rights of access to information (ATI) and participation and toward putting in place the institutional infrastructure, including a regulatory framework for the oil sector. Political roll-backs that are re-concentrating power in the executive branch of government and the growing scale of known oil reserves however, may jeopardize these advances. This paper reviews the Petroleum Bill in terms of exemptions to ATI. The government has not released to the public, or even to Parliament, important information regarding the oil sector, including the five Production Sharing Agreements (PSAs) with oil exploration companies.Item CHAIN project and prospects for Sub Saharan Africa(Co-ordination & Harmonisation of Advanced e-INfrastructures (CHAIN), 2010) Msulira Banda, Tiwonge; Becker, BruceCo-ordination and Harmonisation of Advanced e-INfrastructures (CHAIN) supports widely geographically distributed communities. The presentation provides aims and steps in outreach with other research networks: Conduct a state-of-the-art analysis regarding current solutions for European Grid interfacing with other world regions; Produce a set of guidelines for operational and organisational interactions, customised for the type of region; Provide support for communities that have already approached the Grid technology but are interested in collaborating with other continents; Discover and attract new scientific communities or merge similar ones actually operating within separate e-Infrastructures worldwide.Item Datos personales y libertad de expresión en las redes sociales digitales : memorándum de Montevideo(Ad-Hoc, Buenos Aires, AR, 2010) Barindelli, Florencia; Gregorio, Carlos G.Item Derechos y justicia y el movimiento social en internet (5 de agosto de 2009 - 20 de mayo de 2011)(Instituto de Investigación para la Justicia, AR, 2011) Albornoz, Belen; Barindelli, Florencia; Caballero, José A.; Duaso, Rosario; Esquivel, WalterItem Developing the NREN research index model for information sharing(2010) Mulira, NoraStudy findings show that radio remains the favourite medium for information among rural communities compared with other mass-media. Given the diversity of interests in agricultural biotechnology and the influence of radio convergence with new communication technologies, the study provides insights on how media can be better employed to promote accurate and fair understanding of newly emerging scientific innovations. Participatory discussions identified how different stakeholders were served or affected by sources of information, the extent to which their information needs and expectations were realized, and the role of radio as a source of biotechnology information.Item Enhancing ICT development in Africa : a framework for collaboration between NEPAD and RENs(TELECOMMUNICATIONS, 2010) Nyirenda Jere, TowelaThe New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD) was adopted by African Heads of State and Governments of the African Union in 2001. The presentation provides an overview of NEPAD activities and policies. The goal is to increase socioeconomic benefits afforded by the Internet and ICTs in Africa. A collaborative framework brings together academia, private sector, government and civil society organizations as stakeholders.Item Future of bandwidth(Cisco, 2010) Clauberg, AxelThis brief presentation illustrates mechanisms and strategies for managing networks and network “traffic” as well as the need for optimizing network architecture. IP over DWDM (IPoDWDM) is a technology used in telecommunications networks to integrate IP routers and network switches in the OTN (Optical Transport Network).Item Internet2 update : maximizing university-community partnerships through broadband development(Internet2, 2010) Fox, LouisThe presentation advocates for “a people network that makes the technical network useful” in higher education and economic development. Broadband links would be non-profit, public purpose and facilitate an active community of users as important as the network itself, for instance in terms of self help, virtual help desk, experiments, collaboration, problem solving, and training. At this point (2010) over 66,000 anchor institutions are connected (schools, colleges, universities, libraries, museums). The presentation reviews advances and applications in interoperable networks.Item Intra-Africa optical fibre network(UbuntuNet Alliance, Lilongwe, MW, 2010) Namujju, Donna; Song, SteveThis is a map indicating all of the fibre optic networks and proposed networks in Africa (2010).Item IPv6 deployment(Cisco, 2010) Clauberg, AxelDue to the huge number of systems on the Internet and the lower number of available addresses on IPv4, transition from IPv4 to IPv6 is necessary. The migration from IPv4 to IPv6 must be implemented node by node (Network Address and Port Translation) by using autoconfiguration procedures. It can not be done in the instant. The presentation discusses the how and the why of IPv6 deployment, and includes the BitTorrent phenomenon.Item Media piracy and enforcement in Brazil : costs and benefits; toward détente in media piracy, Rio de Janeiro (August, 2010)(Instituto Overmundo, Rio de Janeiro, BR, 2010) Castro, Oona; Bandeira, Olívia; Moncau, Luiz; Mizukami, PedroThe project analyzed policing and enforcement measures, media coverage, and the legal framework and institutional field of combat against digital and media piracy; how it is done and by whom, in order to evaluate pros and cons of current laws; who is benefiting, and from what measures and approaches. The results have been positive for public debate and policy recommendations, and for creating an innovative approach to the problem of copyright violations and piracy. Brazilian approaches to intellectual property were originally shaped by import substitution strategies designed to foster the growth of local industry. With detailed appendices in Spanish.Item Media piracy in emerging economies(Social Science Research Council, 2011) Karaganis, JoeThe book provides a large-scale study of music, film and software piracy in the developing world. Industry estimates high rates of piracy in emerging markets: 68% for software in Russia; 82% for music in Mexico; 90% for movies in India. Tracing the explosive growth of piracy as digital technologies became cheap and ubiquitous around the world, the book follows the growth of industry lobbies that have reshaped laws and law enforcement around copyright protection. It argues that enforcement efforts have largely failed. The problem of piracy is better addressed as a failure of affordable access to media in legal markets.Item New initiative uses environmental lens to promote government transparency in key African countries(World Resources Institute, Washington, DC, US, 2011) World Resources InstituteThe press release introduces The Access to Information in Africa: Transparency Models and Lessons Learned (ATI in Africa) which aims to promote government transparency and increase people’s access to information in Ghana, Uganda and South Africa. The project is designed to improve access to information on the environment and high-value natural resources by identifying and testing sectoral approaches that will increase citizens’ and civil society organizations' ability to access information.Item New models for NREN’s and universities in era of broadband and web 2.0 applications and innovations(2010) Patel, AshrafThe presentation reviews models for open-source applications in National Research and Educational Networks (NREN) in Africa. For Sub- Saharan African universities and education providers, open educational resources (OER) offers a new frontier for expanding knowledge by developing mixed models of course delivery (Internet and web-learning as a platform).Item NUANCE : newsletter of UbuntuNet Alliance; networks, collaboration, education, volume 2, issue 4, August 2009(UbuntuNet Alliance, Lilongwe, MW, 2009) UbuntuNet AllianceA national policy dialogue meeting was held to discuss ways and means of establishing a National Research and Education Network (NREN). Participants from public universities, private universities, research institutes, the ministries in charge of education, scientific research and ICT, the Government ICT Agency, the Telecommunication Regulatory Agency and developing partners attended the meeting (2009). The participants decided to work together towards the establishment of a Senegalese Research and Education Network; a Steering Committee was established as well as 3 working groups on governance, technical issues and content. Other initiatives are also reviewed.