Tobacco use / Usage du tabac

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Accords commerciaux et d'investissement : des obstacles aux mesures nationales de santé publique et de lutte contre le tabagisme
(Centre Sud, Genève, CH, 2012-11) Correa, Carlos; Syam, Nirmalya; Velásquez, Germán
Analysis of tobacco control policies in Nigeria : historical development and application of multi-sectoral action
(BMC Public Health / Springer Nature, 2018-08) Oladepo, Oladimeji; Oluwasanu, Mojisola; Abiona, Opeyemi
Tobacco use is a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases and policy formulation on tobacco is expected to engrain international guidelines. This paper describes the historical development of tobacco control policies in Nigeria, the use of multi-sectoral action in their formulation and extent to which they align with the World Health Organisation “best buy” interventions. This article presents findings from a broader study titled “Analysis for Non-Communicable Disease Prevention Policies in Africa (ANPPA)”.
Association of tobacco control policies with youth smoking onset in Chile
(JAMA Pediatrics, 2019-02-10) Guindon, G. Emmanuel; Paraje, Guillermo R.; Chaloupka, Frank J.
South American countries, and Chile in particular, endure some of the highest cigarette smoking prevalence rates globally. Despite the lack of any meaningful increases in cigarette taxes (the most effective tobacco control measure), between 1999 and 2014 cigarette prices in Chile increased sharply almost entirely driven by British American Tobacco (BAT). Findings suggest that higher prices initiated by BAT and the tobacco control policies enacted by the Ministry of Health (2006) were associated with lower hazards of starting smoking in Chilean youth. A large cigarette tax increase can be used strategically to reduce smoking among youth in Chile.
Atelier de lancement de la recherche sur les coûts économiques des maladies liées au tabac au Sénégal
(2017-01) Balde Sow, Nafissatou
Convaincre les pouvoirs publics du Sénégal, des pays de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, de l’UEMOA et de la CEDEAO de changer le système et les niveaux de taxation au niveau national et régional.
Burden of disease in Argentina attributable to tobacco use and potential impact of price increases through taxation
(Pan American Health Organization, Washington, D.C., 2016) Alcaraz, Andrea; Caporale, Joaquin; Bardach, Ariel; Augustovski, Federico; Pichon-Riviere, Andres
The study evaluates the burden of disease associated with tobacco use in Argentina and predicts the health and economic impact of cigarette tax increases. The burden of disease model was developed as part of a collaboration among more than 40 investigators in seven Latin American countries. Results indicate that increasing cigarette taxes could yield major health and economic benefits. It is estimated that were Argentina to increase cigarette prices by 50% over the next 10 years 25, 557 deaths, 42,560 cardiovascular events, and 11,222 cancers could be prevented.
Burden of smoking-related diseases in Brazil : mortality, morbidity and costs
(SciELO, 2015-06) Pinto, Marcia Teixeira; Pichon-Riviere, Andres; Bardach, Ariel
The study aims to estimate the burden of tobacco for Brazil in 2011 in terms of mortality, morbidity and direct cost to the health system in order to guide decision making and strengthen public health policy. Findings show that smoking-related mortality is high in Brazil, particularly among men, and is concentrated in heart diseases, COPD, stroke and lung cancer. This investigation is part of a research collaboration between 7 Latin American countries to develop a methodological framework for estimating the burden of tobacco-related diseases. The model incorporates the natural history, costs and quality of life of all tobacco-related adult specific diseases.
Carga de enfermedad de tabaquismo en Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Paraguay y Uruguay : webinar
(2016-11) Raze, Alejandro
El IECS es una institución independiente, sin fines de lucro, dedicada a la investigación, educación y cooperacióntécnica, con el propósito de contribuir a mejorar la eficiencia, equidad, calidad y sustentabilidad de las políticas y servicios de salud.
Carga de enfermedad por tabaquismo e impacto potencial del incremento de precios de cigarrillos en el Perú
(Instituto Nacional de Salud. Lima, Perú, 2016) Bardach, Ariel; Caporale, Joaquin; Alcaraz, Andrea; Augustovski, Federico; Huayanay-Falcon, Leandro
Objetivos. Estimar la carga de enfermedad asociada al tabaquismo y evaluar el potencial impacto económico y en salud del aumento de los impuestos a los cigarrillos en el Perú. Materiales y métodos. Mediante un modelo de microsimulación se estimó el impacto en mortalidad, calidad de vida y costos atribuibles al tabaquismo por enfermedad cardiaca y cerebrovascular, enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, neumonía, cáncer de pulmón y otras nueve neoplasias. Se evaluaron tres escenarios de aumento de impuestos. Resultados. Un total anual de 16 719 muertes, 6926 diagnósticos de cáncer, 7936 accidentes cerebrovasculares y 7548 hospitalizaciones por enfermedad cardiovascular se pueden atribuir al tabaquismo en Perú. Asimismo, se pierden 396 069 años de vida por muerte prematura y discapacidad cada año, y el costo de tratar los problemas de salud ocasionados por el tabaco asciende a 2500 millones de soles (PEN 2015). Actualmente, los impuestos al tabaco llegan a cubrir solamente el 9,1% de dicho gasto. Un incremento del 50% en el precio de los cigarrillos podría evitar 13 391 muertes, 6210 eventos cardiovasculares y 5361 nuevos cánceres en los próximos diez años, y representaría un beneficio económico de 3145 millones (PEN) por ahorro de costos sanitarios y aumento de la recaudación impositiva. Conclusiones. La carga de enfermedad y el costo para el sistema de salud asociados al tabaquismo son elevados en Perú. Incrementar los impuestos al cigarrillo podría derivar en importantes beneficios para el país, tanto sanitarios como económicos.
Clinical preventive services in Guatemala : a cross-sectional survey of internal medicine physicians
(PLOS, 2012-10) Corral, Juan; Arnold, Lauren; Argueta, Erwin; Ganju, Akshay; Barnoya, Joaquín
Guatemalan internal medicine physicians’ knowledge on preventive services for non-communicable diseases is limited, and prioritization does not reflect cost-effectiveness. Recommendations include that preventive medicine training be strengthened, and development of evidence-based guidelines for low-middle income countries be made a priority. Data was drawn from a national cross-sectional survey to evaluate knowledge of clinical preventive services for non-communicable diseases and compared with the Guatemalan Ministry of Health (MoH) prevention guidelines and the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendations.
Commerce illicite des produits du tabac dans les pays de la CEDEAO
(2018) DIAGNE, Abdoulaye; KPEGLI, Yao Thibaut; MANE, Papa Yona
Economic impact of smoking on health systems in Latin America : a study of seven countries and its extrapolation to the regional level
(Pan American Health Organization, Washington, D.C., 2016) Pichon-Riviere, Andres; Bardach, Ariel; Augustovski, Federico; Alcaraz, Andrea; Reynales-Shigematsu, Luz Myriam; Pinto, Marcia Teixeira
Smoking is responsible for a significant proportion of health spending in Latin America, and tax revenues from cigarette sales are far from covering smoking-attributable health care costs. Countries of the region should strongly consider an increase in tobacco taxes. This research study estimates financial burden in terms of direct medical costs that smoking represents for the health systems of Latin America, including Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Peru, and Mexico. Smoking-attributable costs ranged from 0.4% (Mexico and Peru) to 0.9% (Chile) of GDP and from 5.2% (Brazil) to 12.7% (Bolivia) of health expenditures.
Effect of excise tax increases on cigarette prices in South Africa
(2017-03-24) Linegar, Daniel J; van Walbeek, Corne
The effectiveness of excise tax as a tool for reducing tobacco consumption depends largely on how the tax increases impact retail prices. The study estimates this price relationship in South Africa (2001–2015). The magnitude of the price increase depends on the degree to which the tax increase is passed through to consumers. The degree of passthrough thus determines effectiveness. This paper considers the dynamics of cigarette excise tax passthrough in South Africa. People change their purchasing behavior in response to retail price changes, not in response to excise tax changes.
Effect of tobacco control measures during a period of rising cardiovascular disease risk in India : a mathematical model of myocardial infarction and stroke
(PLOS, 2013-07) Basu, Sanjay; Glantz, Stanton; Bitton, Asaf; Millett, Christopher
Smoke-free laws and substantially increased tobacco taxation appear to be markedly potent population measures to avert future cardiovascular deaths in India. Despite the rise in co-morbid cardiovascular disease risk factors like hyperlipidemia and hypertension in low- and middle-income countries, tobacco control is likely to remain a highly effective strategy to reduce cardiovascular deaths. A microsimulation model was developed to quantify the differential effects of various tobacco control measures and pharmacological therapies on myocardial infarction and stroke deaths stratified by age, gender, and urban/rural status for 2013 to 2022.
Evaluation des coûts des maladies liees au tabac au Senegal : factsheet Chn Matlaboul Fawzaïni De Touba
(2018) Diagne, Abdoulaye; MANE, Papa Yona Boubacar; FALL, Founty Alassane; AMAVI, Kodjovi
Evaluation des coûts des maladies liees au tabac au Senegal : factsheet Chnu Aristide le Dantec
(2018) Diagne, Abdoulaye; MANE, Papa Yona Boubacar; FALL, Founty Alassane; AMAVI, Kodjovi
Evaluation des coûts des maladies liees au tabac au Senegal : factsheet Chr Amadou Sakhir Mbaye de Louga
(2018) Diagne, Abdoulaye; MANE, Papa Yona Boubacar; FALL, Founty Alassane; AMAVI, Kodjovi
Evaluation des coûts des maladies liees au tabac au Senegal : factsheet Chr de Kolda
(2018) Diagne, Abdoulaye; MANE, Papa Yona Boubacar; FALL, Founty Alassane; AMAVI, Kodjovi
Evaluation des coûts des maladies liees au tabac au senegal : factsheet Chr El. H. Amadou Sakhir Ndieguene Dethies
(2018) Diagne, Abdoulaye; MANE, Papa Yona Boubacar; FALL, Founty Alassane; AMAVI, Kodjovi
Evaluation des coûts des maladies liees au tabac au Senegal : factsheet Chr Lieutenant-Colonel Mamadou Diouf de Saint-Louis
(2018) Diagne, Abdoulaye; MANE, Papa Yona Boubacar; FALL, Founty Alassane; AMAVI, Kodjovi
Evaluation des coûts des maladies liees au tabac au Senegal : factsheet Chun de Fann
(2018) Diagne, Abdoulaye; MANE, Papa Yona Boubacar; FALL, Founty Alassane; AMAVI, Kodjovi

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