Foundations for Innovation / Fondements pour l’innovation
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Item Review of grey literature relating to regional level(2017)The survey provides a useful summary of key reports relating to Science Granting Councils in Africa, as well as a summary of key policies at the regional and continental level. It is relevant to the larger study (Annex 7 in “Case studies of the political economy of science granting councils in sub-Saharan Africa), in terms of providing background that includes assessment of progress in African regions in developing their research bases. It also provides priorities on the make up of research by subject in the region.Item Political economy of science granting councils in sub-Saharan Africa : brief introduction of the study(2017)The study works to identify patterns of institutional development and main influences on Science Granting Council (SGC) behaviour at a regional and sub-regional level. Four countries, Kenya, Ethiopia, Rwanda and Tanzania will be studied in depth. This Annex presents interview questions related to the study.Item Case studies of the political economy of science granting councils in sub-Saharan Africa : annex 6 - table of key organisations, activities and financial flows(2017)This Annex features a table that breaks down 21 key organizations and international organizations and their activities in sub-Saharan Africa under the headings of: Type of Organization; Name of Organization; Fields of Study; Main Activities; Source of Information on activities; Relevant information on financial flows; and Source of Information on financial flows.Item List of organisations involved in science funding and related activities cited by regional interviewees(2017)This is an Annex (#8) to “Case studies of the political economy of Science Granting Councils in sub-Saharan Africa.” The directory provides a list of organizations and types of organisations involved in science funding, cited by regional interviewees. Cross-cutting themes of the project are Human Resources; and Gender and Inclusivity.Item Political economy of the Kenyan science granting council(2017-05) Hanlin, RebeccaThis study explores political and economic factors and contexts that influence the work of the science granting council organisations in Kenya to support research activities and the promotion of science, technology and innovation (STI) and investment in the country. The STI Act of 2013 set up three new organizational bodies that regulate, promote and support STI activities including research activities in Kenya. Kenya has some of the highest rates of R&D investment in sub-Saharan Africa with a rate of 0.79% of gross domestic product (GDP) for R&D intensity. However, research funding can still be dominated by party politics.Item Political economy of the Ethiopian science granting council(2017-05) Tigabu, AschalewEstablished in 2008, Ethiopia’s Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST) sets priorities for science, technology, and research. A Research and Policy Directorate under MoST hosts a newly organised National Research Council serving as a Science Granting Council, which has funded research projects since 2015. This national case study sheds light on political, economic and social constraints influencing the performance of the National Research Granting Council. Constraints include limited incentives to researchers, bureaucratic obstacles, limitations of policy implementation, frequent restructuring resulting in limited institutional memory within MoST; limited financial resources, lack of facilities, and brain drain are cited among economic challenges.Item Strengthening capacity and connectivity among research councils : background report for the 6th annual Global Research Council Meeting(2017-05) O'Brien, David; Wallace, MatthewThis report incorporates insight from the 6th Annual Meeting of the Global Research Council (GRC), as well as survey data, and suggested directions aimed at strengthening the capacity and connectivity of research councils. While structural reforms tend to build on institutional legacies, new structures and programmatic directions create a demand for peer support and learning. It is timely to take stock of current efforts, priorities and approaches of research councils old and new, and identify areas for future collaboration. The GRC principle of pursuing shared objectives and voluntary collaboration remains the cornerstone from which new actions are to be developed.Item Political economy of the Rwandan science granting council(2017-05) Tigabu, AschalewThe case study aims to understand the political, social and economic constraints influencing the National Commission for Science and Technology (NCST) and research activities in Rwanda. The NCST is new and has not yet started commissioning research as of early 2017. Instead, the Ministry of Education (MINEDUC) coordinates research activities. MINEDUC’s Directorate of Science, Technology, and Research (DSTR) has been funding a number of initiatives, one of which is the Rwanda Innovation Endowment Fund (RIEF). The aftermath effects of the genocide in 1994 and lack of an autonomous national institution to regulate research activities are major challenges.Item Political economy of the Tanzanian science granting council(2017-06) Hanlin, Rebecca; Khaemba, WinnieThis case study explores political and economic factors in Tanzania that support research activities and the promotion of science, technology and innovation (STI), with particular emphasis on the work of the National Fund for the Advancement of Science and Technology (NFAST) and the Commission for Science and Technology (COSTECH). NFAST is the Science Granting Council in Tanzania. While there have been efforts to streamline policy direction, recommendations include enhancing cooperation between sector ministries and the Ministry in charge of science and technology, and increasing efforts to advertise the impact of results from both private and public funding.Item Political economy of the Senegalese science granting council(2017-06) Hanlin, Rebecca; Sawadogo, NatewindeResearch and Development (R&D) financing is almost 50% provided by foreign sources/donors and there is tension regarding the focus on research as opposed to teaching or innovation. This report centres largely on the R&D situation post 2013, following a thorough overview of the Senegalese scientific research and funding activities published in that year. Senegal’s government ministries work towards the achievement of developmental priorities set out by the National Strategy for Economic and Social Development (SNDES) 2013-2017. Despite a strong tradition of research in the country, universities in Senegal appear to prioritize teaching over research.Item Case studies of the political economy of science granting councils in sub-Saharan Africa(2017-08) Hanlin, Rebecca; Tigabu, AschalewThe Science Granting Councils Initiative (SGCI) aims to strengthen Science Granting Councils (SGCs) in 14 countries in sub-Saharan Africa. SGCs sit in an intermediary space between the state and the research community, defining and executing a significant part of the state’s science policy. The report describes the approach and methodology used in the study; provides a regional review of the political economy of SGCs; gives an overview of the key themes emerging from the five country case studies; and discusses the main findings, issues, challenges and implications for the SGCI.Item 2nd specialized technical committee meeting on education, science and technology (STC-EST 2) : draft decisions(2017-10) African Union Development Agency (AUDA-NEPAD)The paper outlines draft decisions by Education and Science & Technology Ministers of Education and endorsed by African Union (AU) Member States, for further promotion of education and teacher programmes as well as development of science technology and innovation (STI) strategies.Item Light matter interactions - development of smart photoactive materials for environmental applications(2018-02) Scaiano, Juan; Nyokong, Tebello; Lanterna, AnabelThe presentation provides an introduction to photochemistry and photophysical processes. Knowledge of wavelengths (colour of light) is fundamental. Fluorescence is elaborated upon as well as electron transfer. Photoctalysis and improving Photoredox Catalysis is the focus of the presentation. Solar (radiant) energy is key to renewable energy as well as the decontamination of water. If common water contaminants such as organic matter in river water can be used as ‘sacrificial electron donors’ (SEDs), then photocatalytic solar exposure could generate hydrogen while destroying pollutants, including bacterial water contaminants [see also http://hdl.handle.net/10625/58220]. Current research can be used and applied to develop smart photoactive materials.Item El convenio 189 de la OIT desde la perspectiva de las trabajadoras domesticas migrantes en Republica Dominicana : analisis cualitativo(Analisis, no 01-18, 2018-10) Llavaneras Blanco, MasayaEl presente documento desarrolla aportes específicos a la actual discusión sobre la implementación del Convenio 189 y la Recomendación 201 de la OIT que se viven en la República Dominicana (RD). Junto con el estado dominicano, la sociedad civil tiene un papel fundamental en la implementación y exigibilidad de este Convenio. Convencidas de la importancia de la mejora y fortalecimiento de los derechos de todas las trabajadoras domésticas en RD, este reporte da espacio a la perspectiva de aquellas trabajadoras cuya participación política se ve limitada por su condición de migrantes. En tal sentido, este documento presenta una visión panorámica de la situación específica de las trabajadoras domésticas migrantes provenientes de Haití en cuatro áreas geográficas de la RD: la capital, la frontera norte (Dajabón-Ouanaminthe), Barahona-Vicente Noble, y la frontera sur (Pedernales-Anse-à-Pitres).Item Promoting young Kenyans’ growth in literacy with educational technology : a tale of two years of implementation(Elsevier B.V., 2019) Lysenko, Larysa; Abrami, Philip C.; Wade, C. Anne; Marsh, Jonathon P.; WaGioko, Maina; Kiforo, EnosThe study explored impacts of the interactive early literacy software, ABRACADABRA (A Balanced Reading Approach for Children Always Designed to Achieve Best Results for All, ABRA) and the digital library, READS, on primary students’ reading abilities and reading instruction in Kenyan schools. ABRA is an online application that provides an engaging interactive environment for learning literacy for early elementary school-aged children. Embedded in the “Learning Toolkit Plus,” READS (Repository for E-Books and Digital Stories) is a searchable collection of multi-lingual stories available online. As a result of exposure to ABRA and READS, the gap between high and low performing students diminished.Item Rapport final du projet national SAGA-ISTEAH Femmes et sciences en Haïti(ISTEAH et L'UNESCO, 2019-02) Institut des Sciences, des Technologies et des Études Avancées d'Haïti (ISTEAH)La promotion des femmes dans la science et les professions universitaires relève à la fois d’une valeur sociale en favorisant l’égalité entre les sexes, mais aussi d’un souci d’efficacité en donnant la possibilité à tous et toutes d’épanouir leurs talents et ainsi de renforcer le potentiel de progrès scientifique et de développement d’une société. Co-édité par Anie Bras, Bernard Fusulier et Kerline Joseph et largement appuyé par Diane-Gabrielle Tremblay (2012a, b), ce numéro spécial vise à mettre en perspective et à comprendre les processus, mécanismes, obstacles et adjuvants qui interviennent dans l’accès des femmes aux domaines scientifiques et leur progression dans les carrières académiques au sein de la société haïtienne.Item Pharmaceutical partnerships for increased access to quality essential medicines in the East Africa region(2019-12) Vugigi, Sarah; Wanyanga, Wilberforce; Keter, Frankline K.The study assesses the capability/capacity of local manufacturers in the East Africa Community (EAC) region (Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda and Ethiopia) to produce essential medicines. As well, it explores how partnerships can be leveraged to expand the range of essential medicines that are manufactured in order to improve access to quality medicines through local production. The Science Granting Councils Initiative (SGCI) objective is to enhance knowledge exchange between academia and industry and stimulate private sector investments into research and innovation.Item Establishing competitive and socially inclusive local pharmaceutical industries in West Africa : enhancing affordability through procurement(2020) Ogada, Tom; Erhun, Wilson; Nortey, Louis; Toure, Aida S.; Gbolo, Jules-Olivier; Yerima, Mouhoudine; Obunga, PatrickThis policy brief presents findings on the human resource situation in the pharmaceutical sector in West Africa. It explains the current situation and what can be done in terms of training, linking with diaspora, collaboration and partnership with Asian countries, and building synergy within the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) to address human resource requirements. The study established that most West African countries have procurement policy incentives to support local pharmaceutical industries, such as: preferential treatment of local companies; ring-fencing certain products for local manufacturing companies; and prohibiting importation of medicines that are being produced locally.Item Strategy to facilitate and monitor uptake of knowledge outputs(2020) The Scinnovent CentreThe Science Granting Councils Initiative (SGCI) recognizes the value of knowledge outputs in their dissemination, uptake and utilization. As such, SGCI strategy provides a framework for tracking outputs, their uptake, use and influence. It aims to ensure relevance by prioritizing key issues/ topics of immediate interest and relevance to Councils; works to enhance quality by generating policy-relevant knowledge and evidence through commissioning studies on prioritized themes/topics; and develops capacity through targeted training (research management and use of indicators), coaching and mentorship. The Initiative has also developed a project-wide Monitoring, Evaluation and Learning (MEL) framework.Item SGCI 1 at a glance(2020) Bolo, Maurice OchiengThis poster/one-pager describes the work of the Science Granting Councils initiatives through four themes: research management; use of indicators; private and public partnerships; and, building networks.