Semi-arid regions / Régions semi-arides
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Item Regional climate messages for West Africa(2014) Daron, Joseph D. DrThis report provides a general overview of the regional climate in West Africa. A follow-up report that provides a specific focus on the climate of the semi-arid regions of West Africa is currently under development.Item Vulnerability and adaptation to climate change in the semi-arid regions of West Africa(2015) Padgham, Jon; Abubakari, Ahmed; Ayivor, Jesse; Dietrich, Katie; Fosu-Mensah, Benidicta; Gordon, Chris; Habtezion, Senay; Lawson, Elaine; Mensah, Adelina; Nukpezah, Dan; Ofori, Ben; Piltz, Shayne; Sidibé, Amadou; Sissoko, Manda; Totin, Edmond; Traoré, SibiryThis report, which encompasses the findings of a Regional Diagnostic Study (RDS) for West Africa, was undertaken in 2014-15 to advance understanding of climate change in semi-arid regions of Africa and Asia. The RDS represents the first phase of a research effort under the Adaptation at Scale in Semi-Arid Regions (ASSAR) project. ASSAR is one of four consortia generating new knowledge of climate change hotspots under the Collaborative Adaptation Research Initiative in Africa and Asia (CARIAA1). The ASSAR project operates in Western, Eastern and Southern Africa and Western India. The ASSAR focal countries in Africa are Ghana, Mali, Ethiopia, Kenya, Botswana, and Namibia, and in India the focal states are Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, and Karnataka.Item Vulnerability and adaptation to climate change in the semi-arid regions of East Africa(ASSAR Working Paper, 2015) Few, Roger; Satyal, Poshendra; McGahey, Daniel; Leavy, Jennifer; Budds, Jessica; Assen, Mohammed; Camfield, Laura; Loubser, Dave; Adnew, Mekonnen; Bewket, WoldeThis report summarises key findings from the regional diagnostic study (RDS) of the ASSAR East Africa team, and identifies major gaps in the existing literature on areas of vulnerability and adaptation in East Africa. The discussion provides the foundation for detailed case study work planned for the major phase of research, the Regional Research Programme (RRP), as well as an underpinning guide to develop a dialogue on adaptation options.Item Review of key initiatives and approaches to adaptation planning at the national level in semi-arid areas(Springer, 2015-02) Bizikova, Livia; Parry, Jo-Ellen; Karami, Julie; Echeverria, DaniellaThe semi-arid areas found in a large number of countries and regions of Africa and South and Central Asia display high vulnerability to climate change with considerable adaptation needs. Research outcomes indicate that global, regional and national initiatives are distributed unequally, and that these regions in Africa and Asia currently exhibit low participation, especially in national projects. In this paper, country-level and multi-country projects supported by international agencies are reviewed, along with priorities and goals presented in national adaptation and sectorial planning documents. Priorities listed in documents but not captured in current initiatives include human health, pastoralism, security and migration.Item Understanding vulnerability and adaptation in semi-arid areas in Botswana(Adaptation at Scale in Semi-Arid Regions, 2015-05)In this context, researchers from the ASSAR project have sought to better understand the current status of vulnerability and adaptation in semi-arid areas in Botswana and the current barriers to adaptation. As part of the ASSAR project, researchers reviewed the literature on vulnerability and adaptation in semi-arid areas in southern Africa and interviewed key informants at national, sub-national and local levels of government as well as community members.Item AGRIDAPE : faire face aux risques climatiques(PRESA Promouvoir la rérilience des économies en zone Semi-Arides, 2015-05-04) Gubbels, Peter; Petersen, Paulo; Marcal da Silveira, Luciano; Galvao Freire, Adriana; Gopal, KS; Thoto, Fréjus; Houessou, Donald; Bakhoum, Charles; Fall, Mamadou; Legay, Christian; Souleye, Mohamadou; Meutchieye, Félix; Fokam Miantsa, Oliver; Neigha Augustin, Djiaguo; Ouédraogo, MathieuItem Planning for climate change in the semi-arid regions of East Africa - June 2015(Adaptation at Scale in Semi-Arid Regions (ASSAR), 2015-06) Over the next 50 years, the semi-arid regions of East Africa are expected to become hotter, with more wet extremes. These climate changes will compound existing developmental pressures. Climate changes – including increased frequency and intensity of droughts and floods – are predicted to negatively impact food security, economic growth, infrastructure and human health.Item Planning for climate change in the semi-arid regions of Southern Africa - June 2015(Adaptation at Scale in semi-arid Regions (ASSAR), 2015-06)Semi-arid areas in Southern Africa are characterised by high rainfall variability, frequent droughts, low soil moisture and extreme events such as flash floods. These conditions provide the foundation of vulnerability of communities in these areas. It is therefore essential to understand how to enhance the ability of communities, local organisations and governments in Southern Africa to adapt to climate change in a way that minimises vulnerability and promotes long-term resilience.Item Climate change, private sector and value chains : constraints and adaptation strategies working paper(Pathways to resilience in semi-arid economies (PRISE), 2015-06) Lemma, Alberto; Jouanjean, Marie-Agnes; Darko, EmilyUnderstanding how climate change will affect private sector activities and incentives as well as markets is key to understanding the overall economic but also social and environmental impacts of climate change in arid and semi-arid lands (ASALs). The private sector and market work package fosuses on private sector actors as key agents of change, with "private sector" actors defined here in a broad sense, encompassing both smallhoder farmers and large multinational companies. Although those actors are heterogeneous and sometimes have very different rationalities, the core constraints (such as limited access to finance, markets or natural resources) influencing their decision-making are often similar. Moreover, these actors are not acting independently from each other; they interact direclty or indirectly within value chains or through the use of resources and assets. For instance, they compete on the use of labour, land and water.Item Planning for climate change in the semi-arid regions of India - June 2015(Adaptation at Sacle in Semi-Arid Regions (ASSAR), 2015-06)Although India’s economic growth has been notable in the last 20 years the country still faces stagnant agricultural growth, rising inequality, unemployment, and inadequate access to public services for the poor including domestic water. The semi-arid regions (SARs) of India face dynamic climatic and non-climatic risks. These risks, separately and in interaction, make people and communities living in these regions highly vulnerable.Item Gestion des risques climatiques(PRESA Promouvoir la Resilience des Economies en zone Semi-Arides, 2015-08-27) Wade, Tidiane; Toure, Oussouby; Diop, MamadouItem Climate change and heat-waves : rural-to-urban migration in Pakistan, a silent looming crisis(Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI), 2015-11) Saeed, Fahad; Salik, Kashif Majeed; Ishfaq, SadiaThe policy brief summarizes findings and recommendations from a recent study on climate-induced internal migration in Pakistan. Heat stress in particular affects agricultural productivity of winter crops like wheat, a staple food which is grown in arid and semiarid areas of Pakistan. Given the sensitivity of wheat crop to heat-stress, by 2030 the anticipated decline in wheat production will affect the rural poor and marginal households across Pakistan, who will be forced to cope with the situation and will incentivise the rural poor to out-migrate.Item Perceptions of climate variability, current exposure of households to shocks and coping in semi-arid lands : a case study from the Central Plateau region in Burkina Faso(PRISE Pathways to resilience in semi-arid economies, 2015-11-09) Hartwig, RenateHousehold characteristics and capacities need to be taken into account when designing adaptation and safety net mechanisms aimed at reducing vulnerability to climate change. This analysis shows that households in the study area are aware of changing climate and are concerned about increasing dryness affecting agricultural production, livestock and health. However, it also revealed that the most frequent shocks to households are health-related, followed by environmental impacts. The paper uses mathematical modelling to weigh factors of vulnerability.Item Investissements et répartition des ressources en eau au Burkina Faso : étude préliminaire sur l’arbitrage urbain-rural(Overseas Development Institute (ODI), 2015-11-11) Newborne, PeterItem Future heatwaves in Pakistan under IPCC’s AR5 climate change scenario(Sustainable Development Policy Institute (SDPI), 2015-11-19) Saeed, Fahad; Qaiyum Suleri, AbidThis paper uses data from three Regional Climate Models (RCMs) to present a projection of future heatwaves in Pakistan. Section 2 provides the details of Data and Methodology, followed by a Results section. Section 4 presents critical analysis of the 2015 heatwave in Pakistan, followed by Recommendations. Results of the modelling show increase in heatwaves to be most pronounced over the Punjab plains. The study explains the worst heatwave in Pakistan (2015), which combined with high humidity created ‘felt’ temperatures as high as 50°C.Item Report on 1st round of stakeholder engagement, D 1.1.3(2015-12) Gosh, Asish; Salehin, Mashfiqus; Nelson, Winfred; Mensah, AdelinaThe description of work for Work Package 1 envisages four separate rounds of stakeholder engagement. This report presents the activities undertaken as part of the first round of stakeholder engagements. The activities conducted under Work Package one aimed at engaging with stakeholders at the national and the district level. Community engagement was done by Work Package 3 and will not be covered in this report. The engagement activities were therefore a mix of workshops, inviting a range of stakeholders from the national policy level, as well as stakeholders from the district level which took place in the case study areas: Bangladesh (Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) delta); Ghana (Volta delta); and in India (GBM and Mahanadi deltas). This synthesis report combines the individual reports produced by country teams for each of the engagement events held in each case study area.Item Natural capital endowment and dynamics of the changing climate in arid and semi-arid lands : experiences from Africa and Asia(PRISE Pathways to resilience in semi-arid economies, 2015-12-21) Mabhuye, Edmund; Yanda, Pius; Maganga, Faustin; Liwenga, Emma; Kateka, Adolphine; Henku, Abdallah; Malik, Nico; Bavo, CynthiaThis working paper focuses on land use; ecosystems and livelihoods; natural capital endowment; and drivers of change. A review of current research and literature analyzes the endowment framework underlying natural resource management, along with drivers of degradation, which include natural processes and climate change disasters. It assesses policy frameworks that embed human action in the degradation and management of natural resources in ASALs. Additionally, it analyses the effectiveness of pastoralism in managing resources in harsh and unpredictable environments.Item Finding ways together to build resilience the vulnerability and risk assessment methodology(Oxfam GB, 2016-01) Morchain, Daniel; Kelsey, Frances; Oxfam GBagriculture; food security; livelihoods; climate change adaptation; resilience; Vulnerability; risk; Social groups; Gender; Development; Landscape; Afghanistan; Armenia; Bangladesh; Botswana; Ghana; Myanmar; Philippines;Item Climate induced rural-to-urban migration in Pakistan(SDPI Sustainable Development Policy Institute, 2016-01-18) Saeed, Fahad; Majeed Salik, Kashif; Ishfaq, SadiaThe development deficit in Pakistan’s rural semi-arid areas, paralleled by higher investments in urban centres, together lure potential migrants from rural areas to urban settlements. Rural poverty in Pakistan is widespread but more pronounced in arid and semi-arid zones. Study findings indicate that climate change acts in combination with many other socioeconomic determinants of migration. Migratory decisions may be taken to escape from losses in rural incomes, which are variably intensified by climatic stress. The paper analyzes climate-induced internal migration in a developing country that is largely semi-arid and faces development challenges of urbanisation, rural poverty, and associated agricultural decline.Item Mapping out stakeholder influence on the implementation of climate change adaptation in Namibia Short report(Adaptation at Scale in Semi-Arid Regions (ASSAR), 2016-02) Hegga, SalmaStrategies or plans aimed at supporting climate change adaptation can be improved with increased understanding of the influence of state and non-state actors across governance scales in enabling and preventing the implementation of adaptation measures.
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