Elevated levels of iron in groundwater in Prey Veng province in Cambodia : a possible factor contributing to high iron stores in women

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dc.contributor.authorKarakochuk, Crystal D.
dc.contributor.authorMurphy, Heather M.
dc.contributor.authorWhitfield, Kyly C.
dc.contributor.authorBarr, Susan I.
dc.contributor.authorVercauteren, Suzanne M.
dc.date.accessioned2015-10-28T14:09:03Z
dc.date.available2015-10-28T14:09:03Z
dc.date.copyright2015
dc.date.issued2015
dc.descriptionThis work was carried out with the aid of a grant from Canada’s International Development Research Centre (IDRC), and with financial support from the Government of Canada, provided through Global Affairs Canada (GAC)en
dc.description.abstractIron is a natural element found in food, water and soil and is essential for human health. Our aim was to determine the levels of iron and 25 other metals and trace elements in groundwater from 22 households in Prey Veng, Cambodia. Water analyses were conducted using inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry and optical emission spectrometry. Compared to the 2011 World Health Organization guidelines for drinking water quality, aluminum, iron and manganese exceeded maximum levels (in 4.5, 72.7 and 40.9% of samples, respectively). Compared to the 2004 Cambodian drinking water quality standards, iron and manganese exceeded maximum levels (in 59.1 and 36.4% of samples, respectively). We found no evidence of arsenic contamination. Guidelines for iron were established primarily for esthetic reasons (e.g. taste), whereas other metals and elements have adverse effects associated with toxicity. Iron in groundwater ranged from 134 to 5,200 μg/L (mean ∼1,422 μg/L). Based on a daily consumption of 3 L groundwater, this equates to ∼0.4–15.6 mg iron (mean ∼4.3 mg/day), which may be contributing to high iron stores and the low prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in Prey Veng women. Elevated levels of manganese in groundwater are a concern and warrant further investigation.en
dc.formatTexten
dc.format.extent1 digital file (p. S75-S86)en
dc.format.mimetypeApplication/pdf
dc.identifier.citationKarakochuk, C.D., Murphy, H.M., Whitfield, K.C., Barr, S.I., Vercauteren, S.M., et al. (2015). Elevated levels of iron in groundwater in Prey Veng province in Cambodia: a possible factor contributing to high iron stores in women. Journal of Water and Health, 13.2, S75-S86. doi:10.2166/wh.2014.297en
dc.identifier.otherAnnex 7.23
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10625/54854
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherIWA Publishingen
dc.subjectCAMBODIAen
dc.subjectWATER QUALITYen
dc.subjectWATER CHEMISTRYen
dc.subjectIRONen
dc.subjectGROUNDWATERen
dc.subjectTOXICOLOGYen
dc.subjectMANGANESEen
dc.subjectCONTAMINATIONen
dc.subjectWATER FILTERSen
dc.subjectWOMEN'S HEALTHen
dc.subjectANAEMIAen
dc.titleElevated levels of iron in groundwater in Prey Veng province in Cambodia : a possible factor contributing to high iron stores in womenen
dc.typeJournal Article (peer-reviewed)en
idrc.copyright.holderIWA Publishing
idrc.dspace.accessIDRC Onlyen
idrc.noaccessDue to copyright restrictions the full text of this research output is not available in the IDRC Digital Library or by request from the IDRC Library. / Compte tenu des restrictions relatives au droit d'auteur, le texte intégral de cet extrant de recherche n'est pas accessible dans la Bibliothèque numérique du CRDI, et il n'est pas possible d'en faire la demande à la Bibliothéque du CRDI.en
idrc.project.number107982
idrc.project.titleScale Up of Homestead Food Production for Improved Nutrition in Cambodia (CIFSRF Phase 2)en
idrc.recordsserver.bcsnumberIC01-11489-26
idrc.rims.adhocgroupIDRC SUPPORTEDen

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