Collaborative Adaptation Research Initiative (CARIAA) / Initiative de recherche concertée sur l'adaptation (IRCAAA)
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The Collaborative Adaptation Research Initiative in Africa and Asia (CARIAA) aims to build the resilience of vulnerable populations and their livelihoods in these three hot spots by supporting collaborative research to inform adaptation policy and practice. Our focus is in Africa and Asia.
IDRC and the UK’s Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) are partnering to support this program, which runs until 2019.
L’Initiative de recherche concertée sur l’adaptation en Afrique et en Asie (IRCAAA) vise à renforcer la résilience des populations vulnérables et de leurs moyens de subsistance dans ces trois zones cruciales en soutenant la recherche concertée en vue d’éclairer les politiques et pratiques d’adaptation. Les travaux menés dans le cadre de l’IRCAAA seront concentrés en Afrique et en Asie.
L’initiative, qui prendra fin en 2019, bénéficie du soutien conjugué du CRDI et du Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) du Royaume-Uni.
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Item 2012-2019 Novel insights briefs(CARIAA, 2019-02) CARIAAThe CARIAA Novel Insights Briefs booklet compiles the key insights that emerged from CARIAA, on the most pertinent topics for climate adaptation, including: 1.5°C Warming, Migration, Gender and Social Equity, Effective Adaptation, and Research for Impact.Item 2012-2019 Résumé des nouvelles connaissances(IRCAA / CARIAA, 2019-02) IRCAALe livret de la série sur les nouvelles connaissances de l’IRCAAA donne un aperçu des principales idées qui se sont dégagées de l’IRCAAA, sur les sujets les plus pertinents pour l’adaptation aux changements climatiques, y compris: réchauffement de + 1.5°C, migrations, a l’équité sociale et l’égalité entre les sexes, adaptation efficace, et recherches en action.Item Accommodating migration in climate change adaptation : a GBM delta Bangladesh perspective(Refugee and Migratory Movements Research Unit (RMMRU), Dhaka, 2018) Siddiqui, Tasneem; Bhuiyan, Md. Rashed Alam; Das, Prodip K.; Chakraborty, Gobinda; Hasan, MahmudolThe book is derived from the Refugee and Migratory Movements Research Unit (RMMRU, University of Dhaka). It concentrates on issues and impacts of climate change and other environmental drivers on migration and autonomous adaptation in Bangladesh. Developed by the DEltas, Vulnerability, and Climate Change: Migration as an Adaptation (DECCMA) team, both the origin and destination area surveys are unique endeavours pursuing the same research questions, conducted in four deltas: the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna delta (India, Bangladesh), Mahanadi delta (India), and the Volta delta (Ghana). This book focuses on the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna delta of Bangladesh.Item Adaptation à différentes échelles dans les régions semi-arides(Initiative de recherche concertée sur l'adaptation en Afrique et en Asie (IRCAAA), CRDI, Ottawa, ON, CA, 2015) CRDI. Initiative de recherche concertée sur l'adaptation en Afrique et en Asie (IRCAAA)Item Adaptation as innovation : lessons from smallholder farmers in rainfed Karnataka(2018-03-23) Hegde, Greeshma; Singh, Chandni; Kaur, HarpreetThis booklet contributes to identifying barriers and enablers to local adaptation, uncovering how factors at multiple scales promote or constrain local innovation in agriculture, as well as providing direction for scaling up. The aim is to document cases of adaptation innovation and discuss lessons for similar semi-arid regions in India. The policy brief describes: key concepts used; methodology; and profiles of farmers along with their innovative practices. It provides background information about climate change in the Karnataka area, as well as supporting evidence that links farmer innovation to climate change adaptive capacity.Item Adaptation at scale in semi-arid regions(Collaborative Adaptation Research Initiative in Africa and Asia (CARIAA), IDRC, Ottawa, ON, CA, 2015) IDRC. Collaborative Adaptation Research Initiative in Africa and Asia (CARIAA)Working with stakeholders from Botswana, India, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Mali, Namibia, and Uganda, the Adaptation at Scale in Semi-Arid Regions (ASSAR) research programme is examining the dynamics and drivers of climate change vulnerability, while exploring ways to promote the resilience of people, local organizations and governments. ASSAR’s research is multi-country, allowing for cross-regional comparison and integration of research findings. Using participatory scenario planning processes, ASSAR will help to build a common understanding of current adaptation needs and past adaptation failings. This brief introduces the ASSAR programme.Item Adaptation in small and medium-sized cities : innovation, challenges and opportunities Synthesis of IDRC's support to climate change research(IDRC, 2018-07) Espinoza, Consuelo; Pacha, Marie JoseThe Climate Change Program (CCP) of the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) commissioned ConClima to analyze and synthesize a portfolio of 36 projects funded between 2006 and 2018 that focused on small and medium-sized cities from 40 countries in the Global South. The overall objective was to carry out a knowledge synthesis exercise on climate change adaptation.Item Adaptation policy and practice in densely populated glacier-fed river basins of South Asia : a systematic review(Springer, 2015-01-31) Sud, Ridhima; Mishra, Arabinda; Varma, Navarun; Bhadwal, SuruchiThis paper reviews literature for three major glacier-fed river systems of South Asia, the Brahmaputra, Ganga, and Indus, to understand governance mechanisms for climate adaptation in the region. A systematic review methodology is applied to examine adaptation responses in the riparian countries of these Himalayan river basins at three different levels: policy objectives, institutions, and practice. Using a systematic review methodology, it presents a comprehensive assessment of the state-of-knowledge as well as state-of-affairs with respect to climate change adaptation policy and practice in the South Asia region.Item Adaptation policy and practice in densely populated glacier-fed river basins of South Asia : a systematic review(Springer, 2015) Sud, Ridhima; Mishra, Arabinda; Varma, Navarun; Bhadwal, SuruchiRivers are the cultural, social and economic backbone of South Asia. Himalayan glaciers provide source water for Asian river systems, irrigating millions of hectares of fields, and supporting close to a billion people who live in their catchments. This paper reviews literature for three major glacier-fed river systems of South Asia—Brahmaputra, Ganga and Indus—to understand governance mechanisms for climate adaptation in the region. Policy ambiguity at the national level in Afghanistan, Bhutan, Nepal and Pakistan raises questions about the capacity of the region to operationalize principles of adaptive governance. Better seasonal climate information and flood risk maps are essential.Item Adaptation to climate change or non-climatic stressors in semi-arid regions? Evidence of gender differentiation in three agrarian districts of Ghana(Elsevier, 2016-08) Ahmed, Abubakari; Lawson, Elaine T.; Mensah, Adelina; Gordon, Chris; Padgham, JonWith the increasing impacts of climate change in Africa, a relationship between rainfall and yields in semi-arid Ghana has been observed. Drawing insights from three agrarian societies in the semi-arid region of Ghana using qualitative research methods, the study reports how people currently deal with climate variability as insight on how they will deal with climate change in the future. The findings indicate wide gender inequality in decision making processes and land access resulting from patriarchal local customs and institutions that shape adaptation responses of different vulnerable social groups to climatic or non-climatic stressors. Different adaptation practices of groups indicate that both climatic and non-climatic stressors shape the kind of responses that groups adopt. From the current adaptation practices, efforts to improve adaptation to future climate change at local levels must give attention to the nexus of both climatic and non-climatic stressors, gender, differential vulnerabilities and other subjectivities that produce a particular adaptation practice in a given place.Item Adapting agricultural livelihoods in deltaic environments : explorations from the Indian Bengal delta(2018) Watts, MartinResults of this dissertation study indicate that the effect of farmers’ employment type, education, farm size and access to credit were significantly, and positively, associated with adopting various on-farm climate adaptation strategies. Low education levels prevented some farmers from understanding and applying information disseminated by local agricultural extension services. Smaller farm sizes constrained farmers’ ability to feasibly implement adaptive measures Having access to loans enabled farmers to affordably implement irrigation and effectively apply crop diversification strategies. Recommendations include enabling organic farming through retail of organic fertilizer, and that extension services undertake practical approaches to better communicate information to farmers.Item Adjustment of measurement errors to reconcile precipitation distribution in the high-altitude Indus basin(John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2018-04) Dahri, Zakir Hussain; Moors, Eddy; Ludwig, Fulco; Ahmad, Shakil; Khan, Asif; Ali, Irfan; Kabat, PavelQuantitative and spatiotemporal distributions of precipitation estimated by previous studies in the high-altitude Indus basin are highly contrasting and uncertain. This research integrates precipitation data of 307 observatories, with the net snow accumulations estimated through mass balance studies at 21 major glacier zones. The study recognized that higher river flows than the corresponding precipitation estimates by the previous studies are mainly due to underestimated precipitation of individual stations located at higher altitudes during winter months.Item Agricultural adaptation practices in coastal Bangladesh : response to climate change impacts(2016-10) Saha, Debanjali; Hossain, Md. Shahriar Shafayet; Mondal, M. Shahjahan; Rahman, RezaurThe paper documents the present condition (2016) of coastal agriculture in Bangladesh under the threat of climate change. Most adaptations are practiced in the exterior coastal districts in response to chronic stresses such as salinity and regular flooding, as well as sudden shocks like cyclone and storm surges. Major forms of adaptations are: improved crop variety, innovative cropping techniques, and infrastructural development. This study represents a synthesis of adaptation practices in relation to agriculture and is part of a larger inventory of practices under the project: “Deltas, vulnerability and Climate Change: Migration and Adaptation” (DECCMA).Item Agriculture, eau, climat et migration en terres semi-arides au Burkina Faso(Overseas Development Institute (ODI), 2017-11) Newborne, Peter; Gansaonré, Noël R.Item Agriculture, water, climate and migration in semi-arid lands in Burkina Faso(2017-11) Newborne, Peter; Gansaonré, Noël R.This report details a study of agricultural communities in the semi-arid central plateau of Burkina Faso and how available water and land resources are managed amidst changing climatic conditions. Farming households in eight villages around the Ziga dam on the Nakambé River were consulted by quantitative survey and discussions with focus groups. These communities are managing by ‘exporting’ their prime male labour force to work in agriculture elsewhere for six months of the year. Women are thus left behind to carry the heavy work load. Construction of small, built water storage infrastructure such as ponds would help local development.Item AGRIDAPE : faire face aux risques climatiques(PRESA Promouvoir la rérilience des économies en zone Semi-Arides, 2015-05-04) Gubbels, Peter; Petersen, Paulo; Marcal da Silveira, Luciano; Galvao Freire, Adriana; Gopal, KS; Thoto, Fréjus; Houessou, Donald; Bakhoum, Charles; Fall, Mamadou; Legay, Christian; Souleye, Mohamadou; Meutchieye, Félix; Fokam Miantsa, Oliver; Neigha Augustin, Djiaguo; Ouédraogo, MathieuItem Anaylsing the economic development impact of semi-arid lands, and mitigation through food-trade water recource decoupling Small grants programme(Pathways to Resilience in Semi-arid Economies (PRISE) project, 2016-04) Gilmont, MichaelThis research examines the relationship between semi-arid lands and national economic development, and the potential of food/agricultural trade to buffer semi-arid land vulnerability and mitigate water scarcity. It investigates a key assumption in development thinking – that water limits in semi-arid areas constrain economic growth. The research findings question whether future investment should be targeted at semi-arid lands directly, or whether wider national institutional and capacity considerations, including food trade, should be given more attention as a means of mitigating the vulnerability of people, land and economies to climate change.Item Applying the global RCP–SSP–SPA scenario framework at subnational scale : a multi-scale and participatory scenario approach(Elsevier B.V., 2018-09-01) Kebede, Abiy S.; Nicholls, Robert J.; Allan, Andrew; Arto, Iñaki; Cazcarro, Ignacio; Fernandes, Jose A.; Hill, Chris T.; Hutton, Craig W.; Kay, Susan; Lázár, Attila N.; Macadam, Ian; Palmer, Matthew; Suckall, Natalie; Tompkins, Emma L.; Vincent, Katharine; Whitehead, Paul W.The paper highlights the importance of multi-scale (top-down/ bottom-up) and participatory scenario methods for addressing uncertainty in adaptation decision-making. The framework facilitates improved integrated assessments of potential impacts for plausible adaptation policy choices, including migration. It considers four distinct policy trajectories: Minimum intervention; Economic capacity expansion; System efficiency enhancement; and System restructuring. The paper responds to the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (IPCC-AR5). The article includes an extensive bibliography of references.Item An appraisal of precipitation distribution in the high-altitude catchments of the Indus Basin(Elsevier, Science of the total environment, 2016-01) Dahri, Zakir Hussain; Ludwig, Fulco; Moors, Eddy; Ahmad, Bashir; Khan, Asif; Kabat, PavelScarcity of in-situ observations coupled with high orographic influences has prevented a comprehensive assessment of precipitation distribution in the high-altitude catchments of Indus basin. Available data are generally fragmented and scattered with different organizations and mostly cover the valleys. Here, we combine most of the available station data with the indirect precipitation estimates at the accumulation zones of major glaciers to analyse altitudinal dependency of precipitation in the high-altitude Indus basin. The available observations signified the importance of orography in each sub-hydrological basin but could not infer an accurate distribution of precipitation with altitude.We used Kriging with External Drift (KED) interpolation scheme with elevation as a predictor to appraise spatiotemporal distribution of mean monthly, seasonal and annual precipitation for the period of 1998–2012. The KED-based annual precipitation estimates are verified by the corresponding basin-wide observed specific runoffs, which show good agreement. In contrast to earlier studies, our estimates reveal substantially higher precipitation in most of the sub-basins indicating two distinct rainfall maxima; 1st along southern and lower most slopes of Chenab, Jhelum, Indus main and Swat basins, and 2nd around north-west corner of Shyok basin in the central Karakoram. The study demonstrated that the selected gridded precipitation products covering this region are prone to significant errors. In terms of quantitative estimates, ERA-Interim is relatively close to the observations followed by WFDEI and TRMM, while APHRODITE gives highly underestimated precipitation estimates in the study area. Basin-wide seasonal and annual correction factors introduced for each gridded dataset can be useful for lumped hydrological modelling studies, while the estimated precipitation distribution can serve as a basis for bias correction of any gridded precipitation products for the study area.Item Approche territoriale des changements climatiques au Sénégal : cas de la zone agro-sylvopastorale du Ferlo Rapport d'étude(Promouvoir la résilience des économies en zones semi-arides (PRESA), Innovation, environnement, développement en Afrique (IED Afrique) et London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), 2017-05) Ndiaye, Bamba; Lo, Henri; Crick, FlorenceCette étude de cas sur l'approche territoriale des changements climatiques au niveau de la zone agro-syvopastorale du Ferlo a pour but de mieux comprendre le rôle des facteurs institutionnels, économiques et socio-politiques dans la conception et la mise en oeuvre des politiques climatiques et la manière dont ces facteurs inlfuencent les capacités d'adaptation à différents niveaux.