Social Protection / Protection sociale
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Item Addressing discrimination and inequality among groups(IFPRI, Washington, DC, US, 2007) Stewart, FrancesItem Agricultural and rural development for reducing poverty and hunger in Asia : in pursuit of inclusive and sustainable growth(IFPRI, Washington, DC, US, 2007)Item Analysis of ex-ante poverty impact assessment practices of macroeconomic policies in Nepal(IPRAD, Maitighar, NP, 2006) Institute for Policy Research and Development; Raj Khanal, Dilli; Raj Kanel, Nav; Kumar Sharma, RamItem Causes of transient poverty and its implication to poverty reduction policy in rural China(2005) Ximing Yue; Shi Li; Pingping WangItem Changing profile of poverty in the world(IFPRI, Washington, DC, US, 2007) Chen, Shaohua; Ravallion, MartinItem Characteristics and causes of severe poverty and hunger(IFPRI, Washington, DC, US, 2007) Vargas Hill, Ruth; Smith, Lisa C.; Frankenberger, Timpoorest and hungry, and the reasons why their deprivation persists, is important when designing policies to meet their needs and improve their welfare. This brief contributes to this understanding by analyzing household data and reviewing empirical research in 20 countries: Burundi, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Senegal, Zambia, Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Laos, Timor-Leste, Vietnam, Tajikistan, Peru, Guatemala, and Nicaragua. The characteristics considered here are limited to those that can be compared across countries, at least to some extent. The findings indicate that the poorest often live in remote rural areas; are more likely to be ethnic minorities; and have less education, fewer assets, and less access to markets. Remoteness, exclusion, and lack of education are especially likely to characterize those living on less than 50 cents a day. Location, unexpected and unfortunate events, and the dynamics of poverty traps and exclusion all have a role to play in explaining deprivation.Item Child labour, gender inequality and rural/urban disparities : how can Ethiopia's national development strategies be revised to address negative spill-over impacts on child education and wellbeing?(Young lives, London, GB, 2005) Woldehanna, Tassew; Jones, Nicola; Tefera, Bekele; Bayrau, AlebelThe Ethiopian Government has emphasised the intensification of agricultural activities in order to increase livelihood options and provide better safety nets for the poor (e.g. through food or cash-for-work programmes). Drawing on a sample of 1999 households with at least one child aged 6 to 17 months in 2002, and from additional household data collected from 3115 children aged 7 to 17 years from twenty sentinel sites, the Young Lives Project sought to understand the impact on child labour and child schooling of public policy interventions formulated within the PRSP, and how changes are mediated through gender and rural-urban differences. These were the key findings: children were commonly involved in fetching water, firewood and dung both for household use and sale, although they were more likely to attend school when there was adequate household labour. School attendance was significantly lower in rural than in urban sites, while dropout rates were dramatically higher in rural areas. Maternal education levels significantly decreased the likelihood of children combining work and school. Increased land and livestock ownership led to a greater demand for child labour and reduced school enrolment. The involvement of households in more diversified activities increased the demand for labour which is frequently met by children, particularly boys, with girls commonly substituting for their mothers.Item Child malnutrition in India and China(IFPRI, Washington, DC, US, 2007) Svedberg, PeterItem Children's educational completion rates and achievement : implications for Ethiopia's second poverty reduction strategy (2006-10)(Young lives, London, GB, 2005) Woldehanna, Tassew; Jones, Nicola; Tefera, BekeleThe major development objectives of the Ethiopian Government are to reduce poverty and improve primary school enrolment and educational achievement (SDPRP, 2002). However, education performance indicators show that only access‑related targets have been achieved, while educational quality declined in most respects. Drawing on a sample of 1,000 children aged 7.5 to 8.5 years old from twenty sentinel sites, the Young Lives project sought to understand the determinants of school completion and achievement at the household, community, regional and national levels across different regions of Ethiopia. The paper identifies the specific factors associated with primary school completion/dropout rates, and educational achievement and performance of children, and assesses the mechanisms through which these factors are influential...Item Choosing policy instruments to reduce poverty and hunger : is it possible to overcome the feasibility dilemma?(IFPRI, Washington, DC, US, 2007) Birner, ReginaItem Climate change : pro-poor adaptation, risk management, and mitigation strategies(IFPRI, Washington, DC, US, 2007) Yohe, Gary; Burton, Ian; Huq, Saleemul; Rosegrant, Mark W.Item Conditional cash transfer programs : a "magic bullet" for reducing poverty?(IFPRI, Washington, DC, US, 2007) Adato, Michelle; Hoddinott, JohnIn 1997, the Government of Mexico introduced a conditional cash transfer (CCT) program called Programa de Educación, Salud, y Alimentación (Progresa), providing assistance to about 300,000 extremely poor households. The essential premise of a CCT program is a cash transfer to households, conditioned on their participation in health, nutrition, and education services. Ten years later, Progresa, now Oportunidades, covers more than 5 million households in all 31 Mexican states. Approximately 20 countries have adopted a pilot or full-scale CCT program, and another 20 countries have expressed interest in starting one. Most current programs are in Latin America, but others can be found in Asia, Africa, and the Caribbean, and interest is increasing among African countries struggling with extreme poverty and low human capital. CCT programs are increasingly perceived as being “a magic bullet in development.” Are they? This brief presents a review of the rationale and operation of CCT programs, an assessment of their effectiveness, and a discussion of key issues facing countries considering these interventions or reforming existing programs.Item Création du premier Réseau de recherche sur la pauvreté et les politiques économiques(Université Laval, Québec, QC, CA, 2002) Université Laval; Reuillard, V.Item Décomposition des effets des politiques économiques sur l'évolution de la pauvreté au Cameroun : une analyse en équilibre général micro-simulé avec double - calibration; rapport final(Réseaux politiques economiques et pauvreté, 2006) Emini, Christian Arnault; Ongolo Zogo, Valérie; Kanmi Feunou, Dorine; Tadjuidje, Maurice HenriItem Designing insurance for the poor(IFPRI, Washington, DC, US, 2007) Dercon, StefanThe provision of insurance for the poor, covering a variety of risks, could well be a key milestone in the fight against poverty. In richer economies, insurance achieved through broad public action and appropriately developed private mechanisms has fundamentally changed the lives of poor people. The difficulty in developing countries, however, is that insurance markets are limited, as (often) is the capacity of public agencies to provide sufficient protection. Much experimentation has occurred in the provision of health insurance, and microfinance institutions have begun to take more interest in insurance, providing coverage for risks like crop failure resulting from drought and loss of income due to illness or accident as part of their overall service delivery. The focus of this brief is the design of insurance schemes for the poor in some of the poorest settings of the developing world, taking potential synergies and pitfalls into account.Item Determinants of pro-poor growth(IFPRI, Washington, DC, US, 2007) Klasen, StephanItem Développement face à la pauvreté : réseau analyse économique et développement(CRDI, Ottawa, ON, CA, 2006) Mourji, Fouzi; Decaluwé, Bernard; Plane, PatrickItem Dynamics of poverty : why don't "the poor" act collectively?(IFPRI, Washington, DC, US, 2007) Krishna, AnirudhItem Economic exclusion and poverty in Asia : the example of castes in India(IFPRI, Washington, DC, US, 2007) Thorat, Sukhadeo