Democratic and Inclusive Governance / Gouvernance démocratique et inclusive

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https://hdl.handle.net/10625/60557

We invest in research and innovation so that people around the world can enjoy the benefits that democracy and inclusive governance bring to everyday life.

Nous investissons dans la recherche et l’innovation afin que les populations du monde entier puissent profiter des avantages que représente la gouvernance démocratique et inclusive dans leur vie quotidienne.

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International open data conference 2016 : summary report and the second action plan for international collaboration
(2016) Open Data for Development Network
Supported by an online archive of more than 80 sessions and 20 special events (Madrid, 2016), this report reflects on the discussions and debates that took place at the IODC, as well as information shared on a wide range of global initiatives. The International Open Data Conference (IODC) brings together the international open data community to discuss key trends and issues that are shaping the future of open data. Data needs to be reusable, but more importantly, actually used. The overarching focus is on strengthening the relevance of specific data released to address specific problems.
Monitoring and case observations in gender based violence court
(2018-02-02) Dastak
This report sets out to monitor the protocols established for the GBV Court in Lahore via a series of court observations and study of selected judgements. The aim of this exercise was to not only monitor and assess the implementation of the specialized protocols designed for the functioning of the Court but to also evaluate the performance of the Court and propose recommendations for its improved operations. Dastak monitored proceedings in the GBV Court to mark trends in the application of the human rights-based approach and gender sensitivity in the prosecution of GBV cases. This monitoring also included eliciting feedback from judges, prosecutors and other relevant actors present within the Court. Judicial decisions of the GBV court were also collected for an evidence-based study of trends such as rate of convictions and acquittal and the time taken to decide a case etc. These observations and monitoring will be used for advocacy on legislative and/or procedural reform.
Building partnerships for scaling access to justice for survivors of sexual violence in Pakistan
(2018-04-29) Fawad, Mahnoor; Jilani, Hina; Shaikh, Saba Naveed; Dastak Charitable Trust (DCT)
Gender-Based Violence (GBV) is a prevalent issue faced by vulnerable segments of the population and disproportionately impacts women in Pakistan. While legislative and policy reforms have been endorsed at the state level to protect women their activation and implementation remains in a limbo. Focus on legislation and policy reform remains greater than enforcement of such laws and the establishment of protection mechanisms contained within. This and other factors including lack of resources, lack of awareness and inter-departmental coordination and under trained staff directly contribute to the weak response and underreporting of GBV. Having a strong understanding of the key challenges and hurdles in survivors’ access to justice and protection through Dastak’s extensive work in the field, this project was designed to focus on promoting the activation and/or usage of existing services within the Punjab Women Protection System (PWPS), increase interplay between Dastak’s work and state mechanisms, develop tools that to aid responders in the field to use WPS more effectively and improve the quality of response given to survivors of GBV.
Survey on the delivery of public services in Chin, Kachin, Kayin, and Magwe, Myanmar : codebook
(2019) Bertrand, Jacques; Pelletier, Alexandre; Hmone, Myat Pan
The document provides baseline survey questions for gathering information that will provide socioeconomic data towards evidence-based public policies in Myanmar.
Building partnerships for scaling access to justice for survivors of sexual violence in Pakistan
(2019-08-27) Rural Support Programmes Network; Khan, Shandana Humayun; Dar, Sadaf; Zaman, Sarah
This is the closing report for the project “Building Partnerships for Scaling Access to Justice for Survivors of Sexual Violence in Pakistan”. The project aimed to provide systematic evidence on how police protocols, legal mechanisms and medical practices need to be revamped to ensure the dignity and just outcomes for survivors of sexual violence (SV), and feed into more effective practices and policies.
Opening open government : women’s rights organisations and the open government partnership in the Philippines
(2020) Haines, Rebecca; O’Neil, Tam; Medina, Kara
The Feminist Open Government Initiative (FOGO) uses research and action to encourage governments and civil society to champion initiatives leading to gender advancements in and through open government. In this research intervention in the Philippines, the presence and engagement of women’s rights organisations and activists was increased in the Open Government Partnership process through financial and logistical support. The study measured quality of participation based on whether participants were active, informed, and have potential influence over outcomes. The brief provides an overview of the intervention, as well as some outcomes and recommendations.
Promoting relationships and resilience to violence through youth-centered policies : policy brief 2
(2020-03) GAPS Company Ltd
Despite interventions, participation in violence continues among youth in Uganda in response to discrimination in political processes, unemployment, poverty, poor access to services and other forms of injustice and exclusion. The study “Why they don’t fight” focused on understanding those who choose not to fight while responding to exclusion, discrimination and injustices (EDI), in order to generate state policy recommendations that could reduce youth violence. Resilience is shown to be integrated at interpersonal, family and communal levels, as well as within social bonds generated by schooling and the social environment. Relationship building needs to be emphasized.
WIPO conversation on intellectual property (IP) and artificial intelligence (AI) : response from a Global South perspective
(2020-07-23) Centre for Intellectual Property and Information Technology (CIPIT)
The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is the global forum for intellectual property policy, services, information and cooperation. The Centre for Intellectual Property and Information Technology Law (CIPIT) suggests priority items/issues when developing a regulatory framework or policy around Intellectual Property (IP) and AI. In regards to the WIPO conversation (July 2020), concerns were raised on the probability of protecting data used to develop AI inventions and whether measures will promote access to, or increase the protectionist approach to data. As well, depending on the nature of the innovation, CIPIT questions whether data subjects can claim contribution to innovations.
Prévenir les violences sexistes et les violations des droits sexuels et reproductifs des adolescentes pour réduire les grossesses précoces au Togo : rapport de l'étude de base
(2020-09-20) Ouattara, Fatoumata; Akakpo-Ahianyo, Digo E.K.D.; Toudeka, Ayawavi Sitsopé; Atavi, Atavi Mensah; Segniagbeto, Kodjo Sébastien; Aguey, Noussoessi Abla; WILDAF-AO
Emergency protocols for safety of incoming GBV survivors, existing residents and shelter staff amidst COVID-19 pandemic
(2020-10) IDRC
The document lists the Covid-19 response protocols for all new and existing residents in shelters for gender-based violence survivors.
Interventions on the WIPO conversation on intellectual property (IP) and artificial intelligence (AI) : third session
(2020-10-21) Centre for Intellectual Property and Information Technology (CIPIT)
These comments and recommendations from the Centre for Intellectual Property and Information Technology law (CIPIT) focus on the uses and limitations of Artificial Intelligence as it applies to Intellectual Property. Availability of data and having access to the data is paramount to having free flow of technologies between countries; a protectionist system would hinder the process. The quality of the data also requires consideration. The use of AI in administration may assist in decreasing time taken to do such things as trademark searches in the database, however, such usage still requires human intervention, especially in interpretation and application of results.
Engaging the public in Tanintharyi region : policy options for better engagement
(2020-12) Thin, Nan Khine Cho Cho; Chann, Yay; Tzarm, Ying
This paper aims towards strengthened decentralized and inclusive governance in the Tanintharyi region (Myanmar). The paper outlines policy challenges and opportunities for improving public engagement. Despite positive improvements, challenges remain in inclusive engagement with local government. The roles of regional government in different sectors should be clarified and expanded to better engage with the public. Multilevel-coordination (vertical and horizontal coordination, and policy integration) need to be enhanced. The Tanintharyi Region has a favorable geographic location, with key global priority landscapes for conservation and abundant natural resources, both mineral and non-mineral.
Delivering better jobs for Myanmar : identifying key sectors to support a job-rich economy recovery
(2021) MDI
For too many people in Myanmar, work is casual, part-time and informal. The economic shock from the coronavirus pandemic has created huge challenges, but as the economy enters a recovery phase there are also opportunities in these sectors: Food Processing; Automobile Components; Construction; Wholesale and Retail Trade. The report also highlights risks and barriers that might prevent sectors from realising their potential: poor infrastructure, out-of-date technology and an inadequate regulatory environment. (Note that the paper was published prior to a coup d’état, February 1, 2021, which halted Myanmar’s fragile democratisation).
Contribution of home-based enterprises to women’s empowerment in Mandalay region, Myanmar
(2021) Thein, Cho Cho; Thein, Khin Thu Thu; May, Htoo; Swe, Hnin Yu; Mynit, Phyu Phyu Kyaw
This study of women entrepreneurs shows that property inheritance rights do not translate into access to financial capital, greater social networks in formal spaces, or empowerment of women. Although there are more educated females than males, there is ongoing lesser female labor force participation (63.1% compared to 85.1% for men). Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) especially home-based and cottage industries represent the backbone of local economies and can potentially generate women’s empowerment by participation in the equity and employment of a business enterprise. The research examines the role of women in the family after participation in home-based industries in terms of women’s empowerment.
Gender, ethnicity, and geography on security in Myanmar
(2021) Min Zaw Oo; Myo Naing
The study looks at public perceptions towards public service delivery on health, education and security. Kachin State was selected to understand how the breakdown of ceasefire between the Tatmadaw and Kachin Independent Army (KIA) impacted people’s opinion on security. (Note that since publication the coup d’état, February 1, 2021, has severely halted Myanmar’s fragile democratisation). Kayin state was chosen to reflect how the ongoing ceasefire shaped public opinion on security; Chin state was selected because it was one of the least developed ethnic states. Magway provided the control case as it was a Burman-dominant state, not directly affected by armed conflict.
Education, language and conflict in Myanmar’s ethnic minority states
(2021) Bertrand, Jacques
Ethnic minority grievances will not go away, whether under a military dominated regime or eventually a renewed democratic one. Education, particularly as a vehicle for cultural and linguistic preservation will remain key for ethnic minority groups. This article draws on data from a survey conducted in 2018, as well as interviews in Chin, Kachin, and Karen states between 2016-2020. The survey reports on ethnic minority perceptions of the education received, particularly in terms of language of education as well as acquisition of local language and culture.
Barriers to women’s participation in the labor market in Myanmar
(2021) Lin, Eve Cherry; Thwe, Theint Kay; Thin, Thin
Employers in the formal sector in Myanmar actively discriminate on the basis of gender, age and education levels. Most employers prefer hiring young unmarried women. Participation in the labor force declines significantly after the age of 25. Women are generally expected to stay home to do reproductive and household work for the family. This study examines the internal and external factors that play a role in limiting women’s participation in the labor market in Myanmar. Direct quotes from interviewees provide a glimpse of the realities of being a working woman in Myanmar.
Delivering better jobs for Myanmar : identifying key sectors for further analysis
(2021) MDI
The analysis identified two sub-sectors within manufacturing (food processing and automobile components) and two other sectors (construction, and wholesale and retail trade) that have the potential to contribute to the creation of better jobs in coming years (2020). Risks and barriers to this growth are poor infrastructure, out-of-date technology and an inadequate regulatory environment in areas of food processing, skills shortages in construction, and an over-reliance on foreign investment. Prior to 2020 and the coronavirus pandemic, the Myanmar economy grew at an annual rate of 6 to 7 per cent for several years.
Social media guide for local CSO
(2021) Pandita
Road to decentralization in health service delivery in the ethnic states of Myanmar
(2021) Myat, Pan Hmone; Bertrand, Jacques
Since political reforms in 2011, the Myanmar government health expenditures have increased almost tenfold (2011-2017), reaching 4.2 percent of its total budget. While impressive, the amount still falls below global and regional standards. This paper argues that despite these efforts, problems related to governance and decentralization hampered the process. It concludes that both community and service providers acknowledge health system improvement, although with regional and ethnic group variations. Government health service was the main service provider especially for rural populations. Community providers point to the barriers in access to specialist health services in emergency scenarios, as well as travel distance barriers.

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