CARIAA2018-11-232018-11-232018-10http://hdl.handle.net/10625/57338French version available in IDRC Digital Library: Résumé des nouvelles connaissances de l'IRCAAA : adaptation efficaceAdaptation is intimately tied to considerations of social equity and justice. Collaborative Adaptation Research Initiative in Africa and Asia (CARIAA) “Novel Insights” series provides a snapshot of key insights from working in environmental hotspots. This issue deals with defining “effectiveness” in terms of adaptation: who benefits and how it occurs. While donors or national treasuries focus on cost effectiveness, people and communities focus on how adaptation contributes to a future they value: the results in terms of livelihoods, vulnerability, and equity. Factors that enable adaptation in hotspots include secure land tenure, access to markets and urban centres, access to information, and social protection schemes.application/pdfenADAPTIVE CAPACITYCLIMATE CHANGE VULNERABILITYSMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISESVULNERABLE GROUPSSOCIAL EQUITYSOCIAL JUSTICEINCLUSIONSOUTH ASIASOUTH OF SAHARAWorking Paper