Fortalecimiento de atencao primaria a saude: estrategia para potencializar a coordenacao dos ciudados
Date
2011
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Abstract
Objetivo: Descrever e analisar ações empreendidas em quatro centros urbanos para fortalecer a estratégia saúde da família (ESF) no Brasil. Métodos: Foram realizados estudos de caso em Aracaju, Belo Horizonte, Florianópolis e Vitória com base em entrevistas semiestruturadas com gestores. Além disso, foi realizado um estudo transversal com questionários aplicados a amostras de profissionais e usuários da ESF. Resultados: Em todos os municípios foram identificadas ações para fortalecer os serviços de atenção primária à saúde, com destaque para: aumento da oferta de atenção primária à saúde com diminuição das barreiras de acesso, estruturação dos serviços de atenção primária à saúde como porta de entrada do sistema, ampliação da resolutividade (apoio diagnóstico e terapêutico, promoção da interlocução entre equipamentos da rede de serviços para organizar o processo de trabalho, capacitação, supervisão) e articulação entre ações de vigilância e assistência. Conclusões: Os municípios investigados apresentam experiências consolidadas de reorganização do modelo assistencial com base em uma atenção primária à saúde fortalecida, com potencial para tornar-se coordenadora dos cuidados. Todavia, para efetivar a função de porta de entrada e serviço de uso regular são necessárias ações para equalizar o atendimento das demandas programada e espontânea, sendo que a última representa o maior desafio à organização do processo de trabalho das equipes. A conquista de apoio e legitimidade para a ESF é um tema pendente. Iniciativas para divulgar a ESF são necessárias entre a população, profissionais de todos os níveis e organizações da sociedade civil.
Objective: To describe and analyze the actions developed in four large cities to strengthen the family health strategy (FHS) in Brazil. Methods: Case studies were carried out in Aracaju, Belo Horizonte, Florianópolis, and Vitória based on semi-structured interviews with health care managers. In addition, a cross-sectional study was conducted with questionnaires administered to a sample of FHS workers and services users. Results: Actions needed to strengthen primary health care services were identified in all four cities. These include increasing the number of services offered at the primary health care level, removing barriers to access, restructuring primary services as the entry point to the health care system, enhancing problem-solving capacity (diagnostic and therapeutic support and networking between health units to organize the work process, training, and supervision), as well as improving articulation between surveillance and care actions. Conclusions: The cities studied have gained solid experience in the reorganization of the health care model based on a strengthening of health primary care and of the capacity to undertake the role of health care coordinator. However, to make the primary care level the customary entry point and first choice for users, additional actions are required to balance supplier-induced and consumer-driven demands. Consumerdriven demand is the biggest challenge for the organization of teamwork processes. Support for and recognition of FHS as a basis for primary health care is still an issue. Initiatives to make FHS better known to the population, health care professionals at all levels, and civil society organizations are still needed.
Objective: To describe and analyze the actions developed in four large cities to strengthen the family health strategy (FHS) in Brazil. Methods: Case studies were carried out in Aracaju, Belo Horizonte, Florianópolis, and Vitória based on semi-structured interviews with health care managers. In addition, a cross-sectional study was conducted with questionnaires administered to a sample of FHS workers and services users. Results: Actions needed to strengthen primary health care services were identified in all four cities. These include increasing the number of services offered at the primary health care level, removing barriers to access, restructuring primary services as the entry point to the health care system, enhancing problem-solving capacity (diagnostic and therapeutic support and networking between health units to organize the work process, training, and supervision), as well as improving articulation between surveillance and care actions. Conclusions: The cities studied have gained solid experience in the reorganization of the health care model based on a strengthening of health primary care and of the capacity to undertake the role of health care coordinator. However, to make the primary care level the customary entry point and first choice for users, additional actions are required to balance supplier-induced and consumer-driven demands. Consumerdriven demand is the biggest challenge for the organization of teamwork processes. Support for and recognition of FHS as a basis for primary health care is still an issue. Initiatives to make FHS better known to the population, health care professionals at all levels, and civil society organizations are still needed.
Description
Abstract and keywords provided in English
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Journal Article (peer-reviewed)
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Keywords
ATENCION PRIMARIA DE LA SALUD, PROGRAMA SALUD DE LA FAMILIA, ORGANIZACION Y ADMINISTRACION, BRASIL, PRIMARY HEALTH CARE, FAMILY HEALTH PROGRAM ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION, ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION, BRAZIL, PUBLIC HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, ADMINISTRACION DE LA SALUD PUBLICA, HEALTH-CARE DELIVERY, PRESTACION DE SERVICIOS DE SALUD
Citation
Almeida, P. F., Fausto, M. C. R., & Giovanella, L. (2011). Fortalecimento da atenção primária à saúde: estratégia para potencializar a coordenação dos cuidados. Rev Panam Salud Publica, 29 (2): 84–95. doi: 10.1590/S1020-49892011000200003