Industrial evaluation of clays in Jordan with special reference to bentonite for their uses in foundry sand and drilling mud

Date

1993

Journal Title

Journal ISSN

Volume Title

Publisher

Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Yarmouk University, JD

Abstract

The clays of Azraq Basin in East Jordan are part of the Azraq Formation of Pliocene - Pleistocene age. These clays are found in thicknesses ranging from 1 to 5.0 meters in the northern parts and extends to the central parts of this basin. The clay and silt content ranges between 37 - 77 % , and 28 - 58 % respectively, while the sand content is negligible. The clay composition in th~ northern part of the basin (Al-Bada locality) is mixed layer illite - montmorillonite (montmorillonite percent ranges between 32 - 42 %) in addition to small amounts of kaolinite. In the central parts of the basin (Al-Qaa locality) , the clay minerals consist mainly of palygroskite and kaolinite with minor amount of montmorillonite (about 7 %). Physical tests carried out to evaluate Aun Al-Bada clays to be used in sand moulding to replace imported bentonite , gave lower results than imported Bulgarian or Turkish bentonite. However, mechanical separation and activation by Na2C03 improved these properties. The results of technical tests for using this clay in foundry sand indicated that Azraq clays ( Aun Al-Bada) is considered as low grade bentonite, and could be used in casting of gray iron as raw or activated by adding 9 – 11 % Na2Co3 and 5 - 7 % water to the mould. According to Oil Companies Material Association the evaluation test on Azraq clays as drilling mud revealed no possibility of using these clays neither as a raw nor as activated material. On the other hand these clays can be used as drilling mud only if they are treated with 5 - 6 % with high viscosity carboxy methyl cellulose.

Description

Thesis, Yarmouk University, 1993
Includes abstract in Arabic
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Keywords

JORDAN--AZRAQ BASIN, CLAYS, FOUNDRIES, SAND, FOUNDRY SAND, METAL CASTING, METALLURGY, DRILLING MUD, GEOLOGICAL MAPS, INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES, BENTONITE, MINERALOGY, GREEN STRENGTH, APPLIED RESEARCH, METALWORKING INDUSTRY

Citation

DOI