Research Results (I&N) / Résultats de recherches (I&R)
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Item ODB 4th edition regional report Africa : Sub-Saharan Africa : regional snapshot(2017) Brandusescu, Ana; Iglesias, Carlos; Robinson, Kristen; Alonso, Jose M; Fagan, Craig; Jellema, Anne; Mann, DillonThis regional snapshot covers the 25 Sub-Saharan African countries assessed in the fourth edition of the Open Data Barometer (ODB). Four new countries have been added since the third edition: Cote d’Ivoire, DR Congo, Swaziland and Togo. Africa lags in the implementation and impact of open data. Only Kenya ranks in the top 40 of 375 datasets in this regional analysis, while there are seven countries in the bottom ten. Governments are too dependent on third-parties for creating and sustaining open data initiatives.Item ODB 4th edition global report fr : open data barometer - rapport mondial(World Wide Web Foundation, 2017) Brandusescu, Ana; Iglesias, Carlos; Robinson, Kristen; Alonso, Jose M; Fagan, Craig; Jellema, Anne; Mann, DillonItem ODB 4th edition reviewers guide : open data barometer - getting started : reviewers guide - v1.01(2016-11-14) Brandusescu, Ana; Iglesias, Carlos; Robinson, Kristen; Alonso, Jose M; Fagan, Craig; Jellema, Anne; Mann, DillonThe main task of the Open Data Barometer (ODB) reviewer is to verify all the information submitted by the researcher and to assess whether the information provided is appropriate, complete and relevant for the time period under study. The researcher will be asked to respond to reviewer comments and to update the answers, justifications and sources where required. This document provides access to links and instructions about the review process. The guidelines are supported by the Open Data for Development (OD4D) program. Open data can lead to improvements in transparency and accountability.Item ODB 4th edition on responding to reviews : OpenData barometer : reviewers guide - v1.02(World Wide Web Foundation, 2017) Iglesias, Carlos; Robinson, Kristen; Brandusescu, Ana; Alonso, Jose M; Mann, Dillon; Jellema, AnneThis two-page guideline is specifically aimed at the researcher response to evaluation from an Open Data Barometer (ODB) reviewer, where the researcher has been asked to respond to review comments and to update the answers, justifications and sources as required. The guidelines are supported by the Open Data for Development (OD4D) program. Open data can lead to improvements in government transparency and accountability.Item ODB 4th edition countries(World Wide Web Foundation, 2017) Iglesias, Carlos; Brandusescu, Ana; Robinson, KristenItem Open and collaborative science in development network - final report : catalyzing open and collaborative science to address development challenges(2018-02) Amwayi, Jacob; Okune, Angela; Chan, Leslie; Hillyer, Becky; Albornoz, Denisse; Posada, AlejandroInclusive open science involves negotiating and challenging power relations within social contexts, as well as among stakeholders and institutions that variously claim knowledge legitimacy and scientific “neutrality.” The Open and Collaborative Science in Development Network (OCSDNet) consisted of twelve international research teams located in Latin America, Africa, the Middle East and Asia. Teams explored the challenges and opportunities for an open and collaborative science, and the potential of open science to facilitate fair and sustainable development. This final progress report synthesizes insights and lessons learned following an analysis of 12 sub-projects over two years.Item ODB 4th edition regional report Caribbean(World Wide Web Foundation, 2017) Brandusescu, Ana; Iglesias, Carlos; Robinson, Kristen; Alonso, Jose M; Fagan, Craig; Jellema, Anne; Mann, DillonExternal financial and technical support continues to play a key role in fostering open data initiatives in the region. This regional snapshot covers five Caribbean countries: Jamaica, Dominican Republic, Trinidad & Tobago, Saint Lucia and Haiti. The highest-ranking Caribbean country globally is Jamaica at number 40. It was the only Caribbean country to improve its score since the last Open Data Barometer (ODB). In countries that recently launched open data portals such as Jamaica and Dominican Republic, the absence of systematic processes to provide consistent updates resulted in incomplete data that quickly became out of date and irrelevant.Item ODB-HistoricalData-ODB-1stEdition-Scores(2017) Brandusescu, Ana; Iglesias, Carlos; Robinson, KristenItem Open Data Barometer : global report : fourth edition(World Wide Web Foundation, 2018-11) Brandusescu, Ana; Iglesias, Carlos; Robinson, Kristen; Alonso, Jose M; Fagan, Craig; Jellema, Anne; Mann, DillonFindings from the fourth edition of the Open Data Barometer (ODB) show that while some governments are advancing towards openness in governance, open data remains the exception, not the rule. The ODB ranks 115 governments in terms of openness, readiness, implementation of initiatives, and impact in alignment with the principles of the Open Data Charter. In most cases, the right policies are not in place, nor is the breadth and quality of the datasets sufficient. Only 7% of the data is fully open; only one of every two datasets is machine readable; and only one in four datasets has an open licence.Item Annex 16 : automated traffic monitoring for complex road conditions(2018-03) Opatha, R. K; Peiris, Akila; Gamini, D. D. A.; Edirisuriya, Ananda; Athuraliya, C. D.; Jayasooriya, IsuruRecent advancements in computer vision and machine learning techniques have made traffic monitoring systems highly effective in well structured traffic conditions such as highways. But these systems struggle in handling complex and irregular conditions that exist in developing countries, due to lack of infrastructure and regulation. This research breaks down the problem into different sub-tasks such as vehicle detection, vehicle tracking, and vehicle recognition, then combines each process into one pipeline that can be used for traffic monitoring. Implementing the final pipeline involves improving and aggregating existing techniques. Results demonstrate the potential of these techniques for automated traffic monitoring.Item Annex 17 : deep semantic segmentation for built-up area extraction and mapping from satellite imagery(2018-03) Athuraliya, C. D.; Ramasinghe, Sameera; Lokanathan, SriganeshResearch focuses on generating more usable built-up area maps, as traditional methods (such as surveys and census) are infrequent and costly. The work proposes a modified Fully Convolutional Network (FCN) architecture that will improve semantic segmentation operation on satellite imagery for built-up area extraction and urban mapping. This method could bridge the gap between existing extraction techniques and actual land cover/built-up area maps used by practitioners. Applications are potentially to socio-economic classification and urban planning, where building density functions as a proxy measure for socio-economic level, and building distribution for urban area estimates and growth, respectively.Item Annex 20 : code of practice for the secondary use of mobile network big data(2018-03)Personal data must be protected against accidental destruction or loss, alteration, and unauthorized disclosure or access. This Code of Practice addresses issues related to the processing and uses of Mobile Network Big Data (MNBD), where data collection practices “will be transparent and will not go beyond /will desist from collecting more data than needed for the efficient operation of the network and the supply of goods and services to the customer.” It covers data storage, as well as accountability of Data Controllers, and compliance with national standards within binding agreements.Item Annex 21 : scrutiny of electricity billing and supply data as a probable proxy for economic activities : an analysis of power consumption of Dhaka, Bangladesh (draft)(2018-03) Zaber, Moinul; Bhyiyan, Farhad; Sayeed, Abu; Islam, Samiul; Rakib, Nibras; Ali, AminThis case study attempts to provide a load forecasting model to help ascertain short-term electricity demand at the regional level in Bangladesh. To assist policy makers in determining how regulatory decisions impact behavior, consumer level billing data, and power satiation level, supply data such as load variability and load shedding is analyzed. Cleaning the dataset and dealing with outlier values includes such problems as lack of exact household addresses in Dhaka city. The impact of changes in appliance use due to weather or price hikes is examined in order to predict future energy needs of consumers.Item How transformational mobile banking optimizes household expenditures : a case study from rural communities in Mexico(2015) Renteria, CesarThis article shows results from an impact evaluation of a pilot project led by the Mexican government, which concerns the financial inclusion challenges in Mexico and Latin America. Where highly dispersed populations in rural communities lack access to a financial system and telecommunication services, mobile banking can reduce spending on communications and public transport. The main benefits in terms of spending come from the reduction of people’s commuting expenses. Evidence also indicates that a major share of spending reduction is transformed into savings in bank accounts. The case study presents mobile banking policy alternatives, promoting financial and digital inclusion for rural communities.Item Precio, calidad y asequibilidad de la banda ancha : las disparidades entre los países de la región son muy importantes(Diálogo Regional sobre Sociedad de la Información (DIRSI), 2016) Viecens, María FernandaEl análisis de un conjunto de indicadores permite concluir que la región muestra mejoras en términos de calidad del acceso (velocidades ofertadas) aunque los resultados en relación a los precios son menos optimistas. Al mismo tiempo, mientras que algunos países muestran importantes avances, otros aparecen rezagados en un alto porcentaje de los indicadoresItem Conectividad urbana en América Latina : una mirada a ciudad de Guatemala(Instituto de Estudios Peruanos, Lima, PE, 2015-09) Barrantes, Roxana; Aguero, Aileen; Vargas, EduardoItem Plataformas de crowdfunding en América Latina(Instituto de Estudios Peruanos, Lima, PE, 2016-04) Rentería, CésarEl presente documento es un analisis descriptivo del sector de crowdfunding – financiamiento mediante una multitud de donantes por medio de Internet - en América Latina. Su objetivo es conocer el tamaño, las caracteríticas y la dinámica de las plataformas latinoamericanas de crowdfunding. Para ello, se realizó una encuesta a los operadores de dichas plataformas, entrevistas con administradores de plataformas y un análisis de los datos publicados en los portales web de las plataformas sobre la dinámica de las campañas y los inversionistas. El sector en América Latina ha tenido un crecimiento importante desde 2009 a la fecha. Los países que cuentan con un sector más desarrollado son Brasil, México y Chile. Se encontró que la internacionalización de los portales es todavía limitada y, por lo tanto, las plataformas lationamericans tienen aún la mayoría de fundraisers en el mismo país en donde operan. El análisis de datos ofrece una información detallada sobre los rasgos distintivos de cada uno de los cuatro modelos de crowdfunding analizados (donaciones, recompensas, deuda y acciones). El análisis de las entrevistas realizadas informa sobre los detalles de los modelos de negocio y la forma en que las plataformas lationamericanas capitalizan oportunidades y enfrentan retos inherentes a la dinámica de este tipo de plataformas. Finalmente, se describen los principales avances y retos en distintos países de América Latina en la promoción de este sector.Item Informe cualitativo sobre uso y acceso a tecnologías en el área metropolitana de Buenos Aires(Instituto de Estudios Peruanos, Lima, PE, 2016-06) Barrantes, Roxana; Benítez Larghi, SebastiánItem Informe cualitativo sobre uso y acceso a tecnologías en Lima Metropolitana(Instituto de Estudios Peruanos, Lima, PE, 2016-06) Barrantes, Roxana; Ugarte, Daniela; Vargas, EduardoItem Brecha digital en América Latina : precio, calidad y asequibilidad de la banda ancha en la región(Instituto de Estudios Peruanos, Lima, PE, 2016-01) Viecens, María Fernanda; Callorda, FernandoEl objetivo de este trabajo es conocer la situación de 19 países de América Latina en cuanto a precios, velocidades y asequibilidad de la banda ancha con datos obtenidos de un relevamiento que lleva a cabo DIRSI de los planes ofertados en la región. El análisis de los indicadores trabajados permite concluir que la región muestra mejoras en términos de calidad del acceso (velocidades ofertadas) aunque los resultados en relación a los precios son menos optimistas. Al mismo tiempo, las disparidades entre países son muy importantes. Mientras que algunos países muestran importantes avances, otros aparecen rezagados en un alto porcentaje de los indicadores.