Why youth in developing countries start smoking? : a study in Yogyakarta Municipality, Indonesia
Date
2007
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Center of Health Behavior and Promotion (CHBP), Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, ID
Abstract
Objective- To understand factors that stimulates youth to start smoking in Yogyakarta Municipality, Indonesia.
Subject and methods- Qualitative study was done to explore the factors influencing youth especially female to start smoking. Based on the qualitative study result, a questionnaire was developed and pre tested. A survey on the selected junior high school which selected using simple random sampling and respondents were selected using cluster random sampling design. Totally, 1270 students participate on the survey. The result was socialized to related stakeholders.
Results- Qualitative study found that factors influencing youth to smoke are categorized into 4 factors: 1) norms, 2) economic consideration, 3) self value and 4) coping mechanism among youth. The survey showed that role model of smoking (sibling and peer who smoking), closeness to peer, attitude toward smoking and advertisement exposure were significantly related to smoking initiation. The exposure of that factors start at very young age resulted on the early age of intention to try smoking (6-12 years) and young age of start smoking (10-13 years). Norms toward girls who smoking was extremely negative but for boy was negative. Stakeholders able to identify factors related to smoking inititation and agree on the target of short term tobacco control action were controlling existing role model among youth relatives.
Conclusions- Qualitative and quantitative data collection support and ensure the advocacy to stakeholders to perform tobacco control activity.
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Working Paper
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Keywords
SMOKING INITIATION, SMOKING ADVOCACY, YOUTH, INDONESIA