Sub-Saharan Africa / Afrique subsaharienne

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    Women's rights and access to land in Africa
    (WRENmedia, 2010) Tsikata, Dzodzi
    Women produce more than 80 per cent of the food in Africa, yet own only one per cent of the land. Despite supportive laws in some countries, women face discrimination, particularly when widowed or divorced. To ensure that women obtain leverage in land matters will require revisiting land distributive mechanisms. If women were able to access credit, they would be able to increasingly break the barriers of the land market and be able to purchase and own land. Snippets of dialogue are quoted in this brief article in relation to land reform and women’s rights.
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    Activity report, 14 February 2003-25 July 2006
    (OSSREA, Addis Ababa, ET, 2006) Organization for Social Science Research in Eastern and Southern Africa (OSSREA)
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    Mise en place et gestion de banques alimentaires dans le Sahel
    (World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Bamako, ML, 2007) Kalinganire, Antoine; Uwamariya, Annonciata; Koné, Bréhima; Larwanou, Mahamane
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    Installation et gestion des plantations agroforestières
    (World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Bamako, ML, 2006) Kalinganire, Antoine; Uwamariya, Annonciata; Koné, Bréhima; Larwanou, Mahamane; Dakouo, Joseph M.
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    Installation de banques fruitières au Sahel
    (World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), Bamako, ML, 2006) Kalinganire, Antoine; Uwamariya, Annonciata; Koné, Bréhima; Larwanou, Mahamane
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    Production de plants agroforestiers
    (World Agroforestry Centre, Bamako, ML, 2007) Kalinganire, Antoine; Uwamariya, Annonciata; Koné, Bréhima; Larwanou, Mahamane
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    Potential to harness superior nutritional qualities of exotic baobabs if local adaptation can be conferred through grafting
    (World Agroforestry Center (ICRAF-Sahel), Bamako, Mali, 2007) Maranz, Steven; Niang, Amadou; Kalinganire, Antoine; Konate, Djeneba; Kaya, Bocary
    Baobab leaves form an important part of the local diet in Sahel countries and elsewhere in Africa. Existing leaf nutritional data and agroforestry performance information are based solely on Adansonia digitata L., the baobab of continental Africa. The introduction potential of Adansonia species from the center of diversity in Madagascar and from Australia remains untapped. To assess this potential, the mineral contents and B1 and B2 vitamin levels of dried baobab leaves were determined for five-year old trees of A. digitata, A. gibbosa (A. Cunn.) Guymer ex D. Baum, A. rubrostipa Jum. & H. Perrier (syn. A. fony Baill.), A. perrieri Capuron and A. za Baill. grown in an introduction trial in Mali. Nutritional data were evaluated against survival and vigor to identify promising germplasm. Leaf vitamin and crude protein contents were highest in the Madagascar species, especially A. rubrostipa (B1 88 mg 100 g–1, B2 187 mg 100 g–1, protein 20.7% dry weight). However, the local species far outperformed the introductions in survival, tree height, basal diameter and resistance to termites. We suggest grafting as a way of harnessing the vigor of welladapted local baobab varieties to the superior nutritional profiles of A. rubrostipa and others. Crossspecies grafting tests in Adansonia were successful, thus creating new agroforestry possibilities with different scion/rootstock combinations.
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    Long-term seed aid in Ethiopia : past, present and future perspectives
    (2007) Sperling, Louise
    This report assesses the effects of emergency seed assistance in Ethiopia. Such aid has been given at least since 1974, making Ethiopia a country with one of the earliest distributions and likely the most continuous emergency seed-related initiatives.
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    Towards integrating community-based governance of water resources with the statutory frameworks for IWRM : a review of community-based governance of freshwater resources in four southern African countries to inform governance arrangements of communal wetlands
    (2007) Pollard, S.; Cousins, T.
    This research, funded through the Water Research Commission, seeks to address issues regarding natural resource governance arising from field work in communal wetlands in the Sand River Catchment of the north-eastern region of South Africa. Here the emerging confusion over changing roles and responsibilities for natural resources echoes wider concerns over land and natural resource tenure in communal areas. Despite the best intentions of policy reforms and democratization, there appeared to be a ‘muddying of the policy waters’, with various actors claiming authority over the control and management of natural resources. These actors derive their authority either from statutory legislation or from locally-derived rules and norms, a situation referred to as legal pluralism. In the case of ecosystems such as wetlands, which represent an intersection between land and water - each governed by different legislation - the confusion is exacerbated. Furthermore, these systems occur in communal lands where, in South Africa, a range of controversial statutory reforms are underway.
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    Final report : strengthening the capacity for research and development to enhance natural resources management and improve rural livelihoods in sub-Saharan Africa
    (International Centre for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, CO, 2009) Koala, Saidou; Kaizzi, Kayuki C.; Fosu, Mathias
    The project worked to strengthen partnerships and build capacity of National Agricultural Research and Extension Systems (NARES) researchers, NGOs, CBOs and farmers groups to carry out research for development, using participatory research approaches and natural resource management, to improve livelihoods of the poor. The report highlights some of the project accomplishments and gives recommendations that form the basis for future work. Barriers and bottlenecks to effective agro-enterprise development need to be dissolved, such as lack of credit schemes for the farmers, which boost growth and help stabilize farmer organizations.
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    Comparative analysis of NRM practices among smallholder farmers from five sub-Saharan African countries
    (2009) Chianu, J.N.; Mairura, F.S.; Bationo, A.; Kaaria, S.; Sanginga, P.
    The project addressed agricultural development-related natural resource management challenges. Results show that climate constraints, lack of farm inputs, and pests and diseases have continued to pose major crop and livestock production challenges across the study countries. The paper recommends proper targeting of agricultural development interventions in order to reach the intended beneficiaries. Sustainable rates of economic growth in which agriculture plays a key role, are critical for the reduction of poverty in sub-Saharan Africa. This document presents some outcomes from a baseline survey of 484 farmers randomly selected from five project countries (Ghana, Kenya, Zimbabwe, Malawi and Uganda).
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    Comment récupèrer un sol salé pour une mise en valeur : dossier
    (2006) Diatta, Malaïny; Seck, Coumba Diouf; Sow, Fatou; Matty, François
    Au Sénégal et en Gambie, les sols salés occupent environ 1 million d’hectare. Les régions touchées sont Saint Louis, Fatick, Kaolack et la Casamance. Cette dégradation des ressources naturelles et des revenus des populations a entraîné l’exode des populations très touchées.
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    Rapport table ronde sur l'accès des femmes à la terre en Afrique de l'Ouest problematique et pistes de solutions au Sénégal et au Burkina Faso
    (2008) Mbour, Made Sahel
    Enda Pronat (Sénégal) et Recif-ONG (Burkina) ont organisé du 02 au 04 Juillet 2008 à Mbour Sénégal avec le soutien du CRDI (Centre de recherche pour le développement international - Canada) et du projet Dimitra /FAO, une table ronde sur « l'accès des femmes à la terre en Afrique de l'Ouest, problématique et pistes de solutions au Sénégal et au Burkina Faso ». Le CRDI entendait, par son appui, permettre la poursuite d'activités de recherche sur l'accès des femmes à la terre, dans le cadre du programme « Pauvreté rurale et Environnement ». Il s'intéresse beaucoup à la recherche pour le développement. Le projet Dimitra/ FAO, quant à elle, entend montrer l'importance qu'il accorde à la problématique de la communication pour le développement dans le cadre de ses activités au niveau Africain ; dont l'objectif est de renforcer les pouvoirs des femmes par l'accès à l'information, la communication et la mise en réseau afin d'améliorer leurs conditions de vie et leur statut...
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    ECAPAPA policy briefs
    (Eastern and Central Africa Programme for Agricultural Policy Analysis (ECAPAPA), Entebbe, UG, 2007) Nyamwaro, Sospeter; Murilla, Grace; Mochabo, Kennedy; Wanjala, Kennedy; Wickama, Juma; Eastern and Central Africa Programme for Agricultural Policy Analysis (ECAPAPA)
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    Policy Research Conference on Pastoralism and Poverty Reduction in East Africa : policy brief
    (Kenyan Agricultural Research Institute, Nairobi, KE, 2006) Nyamwaro, Sospeter O.
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    Getting it right : policy, natural resource management and conflict minimization
    (Eastern and Central Africa Programme for Agricultural Policy Analysis (ECAPAPA), Entebbe, UG, 2007) Waithaka, Michael; Kameri-Mbote, Patricia; Musaasizi, Joel
    The complex land tenure, ownership, and use systems in areas where pastoralists and sedentary farmers eke out a living raises conflicts in various communities. Managing natural resources cuts across sectoral boundaries that link activities in many areas. This briefing paper outlines conditions of scarcity and depletion of natural resources, as well providing examples of best practices and conflict-minimizing strategies such as: devolution of rights to local communities; diversification of activities around protected wildlife and forest areas; land use planning, and policy interventions that are pro-poor.
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    Building upon customary practices in implementing IWRM in East and Central Africa : good practice guidelines for water managers
    (Eastern and Central Africa Programme for Agricultural Policy Analysis (ECAPAPA), Entebbe, UG, 2007) Eastern and Central Africa Programme for Agricultural Policy Analysis (ECAPAPA)
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    Accommodating customary water management arrangements to consolidate poverty-focused water reform : a policy brief
    (Eastern and Central Africa Programme for Agricultural Policy Analysis (ECAPAPA), Entebbe, UG, 2007) Eastern and Central Africa Programme for Agricultural Policy Analysis (ECAPAPA)