Browsing by Author "Smith, Matthew"

Now showing 1 - 8 of 8
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    Artificial intelligence and human development : toward a research agenda
    (2018-04) Smith, Matthew; Neupane, Sujaya
    Like most new technologies, Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to exacerbate existing problems, reinforce structural inequalities, and superimpose biases. This paper proposes a proactive research agenda for the ethical and equitable application of AI in the Global South, drawn from a broad overview of technologies associated with AI capabilities, and the opportunities and challenges they present. Three areas are identified in which action can be taken: policies and regulations; inclusive and ethical AI applications; and infrastructure and skills. Within each area, the paper makes recommendations for research necessary to make concrete progress.
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    Artificial intelligence capacity in Sub-Saharan Africa : compendium report
    (AI4D Africa, 2021-03-29) Butcher, Neil; Wilson-Strydom, Merridy; Baijnath, Mohini; Orlic, Davor; Smith, Matthew; Neupane, Bhanu; Shawe-Taylor, John
    Artificial Intelligence for Development (AI4D) Africa supported research on three key stakeholders involved in AI capacity building in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA): Centres of Higher Education and Training; Governments; and the broader AI community in the region. A comprehensive desktop literature review was also conducted. Taking available data into account together with the desktop review of literature and the findings from the UNESCO report, this detailed paper provides takeaways from the research. In line with the recommendations presented here, the key to creating a vibrant AI ecosystem is committed stakeholder engagement that pushes individual countries forward by building capacity in key areas.
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    Evaluaciones orientadas al uso : guía para evaluadores
    (Southbound, Penang, MY, 2013) Ramirez, Ricardo; Brodhead, Dal; Solomon, Chelladurai; Kumar-Range, Shubh; Zaveri, Sonal; Earl, Sarah; Smith, Matthew
    Las Evaluaciones Orientadas al Uso (EOU) conllevan a procesos de aprendizaje mediante los cuales las personas hacen uso de los resultados y experiencias de la evaluación en contextos concretos. Se pone énfasis sobre los usuarios primarios. Las EOU no prescriben ningún contenido, método o teoría en particular. Son más un marco orientador que una metodología. Las EOU incorporan una variedad de métodos de evaluación dentro bajo un enfoque participativo. Un aspecto importante es que las decisiones se toman en estrecha consulta con aquellos actores que puedan beneficiarse de la evaluación. Es más probable que los usuarios primarios utilicen los resultados de aquellas evaluaciones sobre las cuales tienen sentido de propiedad. Esta guía está dirigida a evaluadores e implementadores de proyectos que tengan interés en ensayar el enfoque EOU.
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    Évaluation axée sur l'utilisation : un manuel pour les évaluateurs
    (Southbound, Penang, MY, 2013) Ramirez, Ricardo; Brodhead, Dal; Solomon, Chelladurai; Kumar-Range, Shubh; Zaveri, Sonal; Earl, Sarah; Smith, Matthew
    L’Évaluation axée sur l’utilisation (l’ÉAU) facilite un processus d’apprentissage dans lequel les personnes dans le vrai monde appliquent les conclusions et les expériences d’évaluation à leur travail. La focalisation est sur les usagers attendus. L’ÉAU ne prescrit aucun contenu, aucune méthode, ou aucune théorie spécifique. C’est un cadre guide plutôt qu’une méthodologie. L’ÉAU peut inclure une grande variété de méthodes d’évaluation à l’intérieur d’un paradigme global de participation. La prise de décision en consultation avec ceux qui peuvent bénéficier de l’évaluation, est une partie importante du processus. Les usagers attendus auront plus tendance à utiliser une évaluation pour laquelle ils ont un sentiment d’appartenance. Ce Manuel est pour les évaluateurs praticiens qui ont entendu parler de l’ÉAU et qui sont motivés pour faire l’essai de l’approche.
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    Intelligence artificielle et développement humain : vers un programme de recherche
    (2018-04) Smith, Matthew; Neupane, Sujaya
    Les applications de l’intelligence artificielle (IA) exerceront une incidence profonde sur les sociétés des pays à faible revenu et pays à revenu intermédiaire (PFR-PRI), tant positivement que négativement. L’intelligence artificielle est une nouvelle classe de technologies à partir de laquelle d’autres technologies et applications sont en train d’être conçues. Propulsées par la disponibilité accrue de la puissance de calcul, une connectivité améliorée, et les mégadonnées, les applications de l’IA offrent de fascinantes possibilités de promouvoir la croissance économique et de s’attaquer à un large éventail de problèmes de longue date dans les pays du Sud. L’incidence perturbatrice qui en résultera sera massive et pourrait bien être révolutionnaire.
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    Responsible artificial intelligence in Sub-Saharan Africa : landscape and general state of play
    (AI4D Africa, 2021-03-29) Gwagwa, Arthur; Kachidza, Patti; Siminyu, Kathleen; Smith, Matthew
    The paper reviews AI adoption and investment in Africa. An artificial intelligence (AI) ecosystem exists in Africa, with evidence of pockets of activity that could be prioritized, coordinated, and funded to result in an energized and productive AI infrastructure. The paper suggests a focus on four core areas: 1) innovation; 2) capacity building; 3) policy; and 4) infrastructure. It addresses critical issues that cut across these dimensions including political participation; scaling out; and inclusion, particularly as it relates to gender. Mauritius, positioned as 45th in the world, South Africa (59th), Seychelles (68th), Kenya (71st), and Rwanda (87th): these are Africa’s top five countries in the 2020 global Government AI Readiness Index.
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    Teacher professional development at scale in the global South
    (Springer, Singapore, 2020) Lim, Cher Ping; Tinio, Victoria; Smith, Matthew; Zou, Ellen Wenting; Modesto III, Justin Edward
    To design high-quality teacher professional development (TPD) programs, collaborative, active learning experiences should be provided, where teachers are supported by constant modeling, coaching, and expert feedback over a sustained duration. TPD@Scale aims to address this need in the Global South. ICT in the form of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), open courseware, intelligent tutoring systems, learning games, and a variety of peer learning networks and collaborative communities are among the emerging technologies mediating TPD. The paper provides the example of the Open University (OU, U.K.) which launched the Teacher Education through School-based Support in India, or TESS-India (2012).
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    Utilization focused evaluation : a primer for evaluators
    (Southbound, Penang, MY, 2013) Ramirez, Ricardo; Brodhead, Dal; Solomon, Chelladurai; Kumar-Range, Shubh; Zaveri, Sonal; Earl, Sarah; Smith, Matthew
    Utilization Focused Evaluation (UFE) facilitates a learning process in which people in the real world apply evaluation findings and experiences to their work. The focus is on intended users. UFE does not prescribe any specific content, method, or theory. It is a guiding framework, rather than a methodology. UFE can include a wide variety of evaluation methods within an overall participatory paradigm. Decision making, in consultation with those who can benefit from the evaluation, is an important part of the process. Intended users will more likely utilize an evaluation in which they have ownership.This Primer is for practitioner evaluators and project implementers who have heard of UFE and are keen to test-drive the approach.